Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infections, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
HIV Med. 2024 Jun;25(6):711-724. doi: 10.1111/hiv.13620. Epub 2024 Mar 3.
Although people with HIV might be at risk of severe outcomes from infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus 2019 [COVID-19]), regional and temporal differences in SARS-CoV-2 testing in people with HIV across Europe have not been previously described.
We described the proportions of testing, positive test results, and hospitalizations due to COVID-19 between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2021 in the EuroSIDA cohort and the factors associated with being tested for SARS-CoV-2 and with ever testing positive.
Of 9012 participants, 2270 (25.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 24.3-26.1) had a SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test during the study period (range: 38.3% in Northern to 14.6% in Central-Eastern Europe). People from Northern Europe, women, those aged <40 years, those with CD4 cell count <350 cells/mm, and those with previous cardiovascular disease or malignancy were significantly more likely to have been tested, as were people with HIV in 2021 compared with those in 2020. Overall, 390 people with HIV (4.3%, 95% CI 3.9-4.8) tested positive (range: 2.6% in Northern to 7.1% in Southern Europe), and the odds of testing positive were higher in all regions than in Northern Europe and in 2021 than in 2020. In total, 64 people with HIV (0.7%, 95% CI 0.6-0.9) were hospitalized, of whom 12 died. Compared with 2020, the odds of positive testing decreased in all regions in 2021, and the associations with cardiovascular disease, malignancy, and use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate disappeared in 2021. Among study participants, 58.9% received a COVID-19 vaccine (range: 72.0% in Southern to 14.8% in Eastern Europe).
We observed large heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 testing and positivity and a low proportion of hospital admissions and deaths across the regions of Europe.
尽管艾滋病毒感染者感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2；冠状病毒 2019[COVID-19]）后可能有发生重症的风险，但此前尚未描述欧洲艾滋病毒感染者中 SARS-CoV-2 检测的区域和时间差异。
我们描述了 2020 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 12 月 31 日期间在 EuroSIDA 队列中 COVID-19 的检测比例、阳性检测结果和因 COVID-19 住院的比例，并分析了与 SARS-CoV-2 检测和检测阳性相关的因素。
在 9012 名参与者中，有 2270 人（25.2%，95%置信区间[CI]24.3-26.1）在研究期间接受了 SARS-CoV-2 聚合酶链反应检测（范围：北欧为 38.3%，中欧-东欧为 14.6%）。北欧人、女性、年龄<40 岁、CD4 细胞计数<350 个细胞/mm、有心血管疾病或恶性肿瘤病史的人以及 2021 年感染 HIV 的人更有可能接受检测，与 2020 年相比也是如此。总的来说，有 390 名 HIV 感染者（4.3%，95%CI3.9-4.8）检测结果呈阳性（范围：北欧为 2.6%，南欧为 7.1%），所有地区的阳性检测率均高于北欧，2021 年高于 2020 年。共有 64 名 HIV 感染者（0.7%，95%CI0.6-0.9）住院，其中 12 人死亡。与 2020 年相比，2021 年所有地区的阳性检测率均有所下降，心血管疾病、恶性肿瘤和使用替诺福韦二吡呋酯与 2021 年的相关性也消失了。在研究参与者中，58.9%（范围：南欧为 72.0%，东欧为 14.8%）接受了 COVID-19 疫苗接种。
我们观察到欧洲各地区 SARS-CoV-2 检测和阳性率存在很大差异，住院和死亡人数比例较低。
