Kirchner Johannes, Rudolph Tanja K
Klinik für Allgemeine und Interventionelle Kardiologie/Angiologie, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstr. 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Deutschland.
Inn Med (Heidelb). 2024 May;65(5):425-430. doi: 10.1007/s00108-024-01676-5. Epub 2024 Mar 4.
Currently, there is no specific medication approved for the treatment of valvular heart disease per se. Except for secondary mitral valve insufficiency and tricuspid valve insufficiency in pulmonary hypertension, drug therapy for higher-grade valvular heart disease is limited to diuretic therapy for symptom control. Conservative therapy for comorbidities and potential heart failure can be beneficial regardless of the specific valve lesion. In cases of aortic valve stenosis or insufficiency, controlling arterial hypertension is important. Patients with mitral valve stenosis benefit from rhythm and rate control. Diuretics can help reduce regurgitant volume in patients with primary mitral valve insufficiency and tricuspid valve insufficiency. In addition to drug therapy, maintaining functional capacity is crucial for the outcome of patients. Therefore, it is recommended to engage in active physical activity whenever possible, despite the presence of valvular heart disease.
目前，尚无专门批准用于治疗瓣膜性心脏病本身的特定药物。除了肺动脉高压中的继发性二尖瓣关闭不全和三尖瓣关闭不全外，较严重瓣膜性心脏病的药物治疗仅限于用于症状控制的利尿治疗。无论具体的瓣膜病变如何，对合并症和潜在心力衰竭的保守治疗可能有益。在主动脉瓣狭窄或关闭不全的情况下，控制动脉高血压很重要。二尖瓣狭窄患者从节律和心率控制中获益。利尿剂有助于减少原发性二尖瓣关闭不全和三尖瓣关闭不全患者的反流容积。除药物治疗外，维持功能能力对患者的预后至关重要。因此，尽管存在瓣膜性心脏病，建议尽可能进行积极的体育活动。
