Shabat Lilach Ben, Itzhaki Michal
Nursing Department, School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel.
BMC Nurs. 2024 Mar 4;23(1):152. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-01813-3.
Choosing a field of specialization within the nursing profession is affected by nurses' personality traits, self-confidence in performing clinical skills, and the field's prestige. A successful choice of area of expertise may improve nurses' job satisfaction and reduce job mobility. This study aims to examine the relationship between personality traits, clinical self-efficacy, perceived prestige, adoption of technological changes, and choice of specialty field among nursing students.
A cross-sectional study was conducted. One-hundred-twenty-seven undergraduate nursing students in their fourth year of studies at a large university in Israel participated in the study. The questionnaire administered was comprised of six parts: demographic data, personality traits, adoption of technological changes, clinical self-efficacy, perceived prestige, and intention to select a field of specialization.
Acute disciplines were rated more prestigious than chronic disciplines, with intensive care and emergency medicine considered the most prestigious, while mental health and geriatrics were the least prestigious. Students' mean perceived confidence in performing nursing clinical skills was high and more than half considered themselves open to technology changes. Positive correlations were found between prestige and intention to choose a field of expertise (r = 0.41, p < 0.001) and the personality trait of openness and the intention to choose an acute care area (r = 0.26, p < 0.01).
Despite the gradual aging of the population and the increase in chronic morbidity, which demand a greater nursing focus on older adults, and notwithstanding the mental health reforms, nursing students perceive geriatrics and mental health as less prestigious fields. A career development path can be applied by developing a tool for occupational guidance designed to rank students' suitability for specialty fields and thus help them choose the area that best suits them.
在护理专业中选择一个专业领域会受到护士的性格特质、临床技能操作的自信心以及该领域的声望的影响。成功选择专业领域可能会提高护士的工作满意度并降低工作流动性。本研究旨在探讨护理专业学生的性格特质、临床自我效能感、感知到的声望、对技术变革的接受程度与专业领域选择之间的关系。
进行了一项横断面研究。以色列一所大型大学的127名护理学本科四年级学生参与了该研究。所发放的问卷包括六个部分：人口统计学数据、性格特质、对技术变革的接受程度、临床自我效能感、感知到的声望以及选择专业领域的意向。
急性病学科的声望得分高于慢性病学科，重症监护和急诊医学被认为是声望最高的，而心理健康和老年医学的声望最低。学生在进行护理临床技能操作方面的平均感知自信心较高，超过一半的学生认为自己对技术变革持开放态度。在声望与选择专业领域的意向之间发现了正相关（r = 0.41，p < 0.001），以及开放性性格特质与选择急性护理领域的意向之间也发现了正相关（r = 0.26，p < 0.01）。
尽管人口逐渐老龄化且慢性病发病率上升，这需要护理工作更多地关注老年人，并且尽管进行了心理健康改革，但护理专业学生认为老年医学和心理健康领域的声望较低。可以通过开发一种职业指导工具来应用职业发展路径，该工具旨在对学生适合专业领域的程度进行排名，从而帮助他们选择最适合自己的领域。
