Prabakaran S, Navin R B Namasivaya, Dhanasekaran Balaji, Rajasekaran S, Karthika S R
Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu 603103 India.
Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2024 Feb;76(1):36-40. doi: 10.1007/s12070-023-04066-9. Epub 2023 Jul 27.
A type-I hypersensitivity reaction of the nasal mucosa, allergic rhinitis (AR) is distinguished by nasal obstruction, watery rhinorrhea, sneezing, and throat, mouth, and nose irritation. It is assumed that allergies can affect the inner, middle, or outer ear. Many writers have studied the relationship between allergic rhinitis and otitis media. Most of them concur that bacterial infection and Eustachian tube obstruction are significant risk factors for the development of otitis media with effusion in addition to allergies. One hundred study participants had a full clinical evaluation that included an ENT history and examination. In the ENT OPD, the audiological examination was conducted using Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) and Impedance Audiometry (IA). At frequencies of 250 and 8000 Hz, respectively, the bone and air conduction thresholds were studied. The commercially available "AT235 INTERACOUSTICS" tympanometer was used for the tympanometry procedure. With pressure variations between + 200 and - 300daPa, tympanometry was carried out employing a 226 Hz probe tone. Mean age of study population was 52.16 and 24% each in age group 51 to 60 and 61 to 70 years respectively. 73 (73%) were male and 27 (27%) were female. 46% of allergic rhinitis study population was found to have normal hearing and 43% had mild conductive hearing loss. Most common type of impedance curve was A type (47%). Patients having acute phase of allergy with symptoms less than 3 months had more ear block and secretory otitis media. Patients with duration more than 3 months had resolved secretory otitis media hence the hearing was normal in 33 cases and 11 had mild conductive hearing loss. This study was concluded that there is correlation between the severity of the hearing loss and duration of allergic rhinitis.
鼻黏膜的I型超敏反应即过敏性鼻炎（AR），其特征为鼻塞、水样鼻漏、打喷嚏以及咽喉、口腔和鼻腔的刺激感。据推测，过敏反应可能会影响内耳、中耳或外耳。许多学者研究了过敏性鼻炎与中耳炎之间的关系。他们中的大多数人都认为，除过敏外，细菌感染和咽鼓管阻塞是导致中耳积液性中耳炎的重要危险因素。100名研究参与者接受了全面的临床评估，包括耳鼻喉科病史和检查。在耳鼻喉科门诊，使用纯音听力计（PTA）和声阻抗听力计（IA）进行听力检查。分别在250Hz和8000Hz频率下研究骨导和气导阈值。使用市售的“AT235 INTERACOUSTICS”鼓室图仪进行鼓室图检查。在+200至-300daPa的压力变化范围内，采用226Hz探测音进行鼓室图检查。研究人群的平均年龄为52.16岁，年龄在51至60岁和61至70岁的人群各占24%。73名（73%）为男性，27名（27%）为女性。研究发现，46%的过敏性鼻炎患者听力正常，43%有轻度传导性听力损失。最常见的声阻抗曲线类型为A型（47%）。过敏急性期症状少于3个月的患者耳部堵塞和分泌性中耳炎更为常见。病程超过3个月的患者分泌性中耳炎已痊愈，因此33例听力正常，11例有轻度传导性听力损失。该研究得出结论，听力损失的严重程度与过敏性鼻炎的病程之间存在相关性。
