Mahajan Akriti, Manhas Monica, Kalsotra Parmod, Kalsotra Gopika, Gul Naveed
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and H&N Surgery, GMC Jammu, Jammu, India.
Department of Physiology, GMC Jammu, Jammu, India.
Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022 Oct;74(Suppl 2):1256-1261. doi: 10.1007/s12070-020-02343-5. Epub 2021 Jan 7.
Allergic rhinitis is a type-I hypersensitivity reaction of the nasal mucosa, primarily mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) with complex etiological factors.Allergic rhinitis may involve the inner ear. The scientific basis for this is poorly understood. However, the inner ear has been found to demonstrate both cellular and humoral immunity, and the seat of immuno-activity appears to reside in the endolymphatic sac and duct. To assess the audiological profile of patients with allergic rhinitis. 100 Study group patients and 50 control group subjects underwent detailed audiological assessment. Present study revealed high frequency sensorineural hearing loss with prolongation of Wave I and shortened wave I-III and Wave I-V interpeak latencies on ABR and abnormal DPOAE findings, compared with controls which indicate inner ear involvement (cochlear pathology). Individuals with allergic rhinitis are more prone to hearing abnormalities which can be detected even before any symptoms of hearing impairment are present. However, the exact pathophysiology of inner ear damage in patients of airway allergy is poorly understood and therefore, additional studies in this area are required with a larger sample population to assess the benefits of hearing assessment in patients of allergic rhinitis for early detection of hearing loss.
变应性鼻炎是鼻黏膜的I型超敏反应，主要由免疫球蛋白E（IgE）介导，病因复杂。变应性鼻炎可能累及内耳。其科学依据尚不清楚。然而，已发现内耳具有细胞免疫和体液免疫，免疫活性部位似乎位于内淋巴囊和内淋巴管。为评估变应性鼻炎患者的听力学特征，100例研究组患者和50例对照组受试者接受了详细的听力学评估。目前的研究显示，与对照组相比，研究组患者存在高频感音神经性听力损失，ABR上I波延长、I-III波和I-V波峰间期缩短，DPOAE结果异常，提示内耳受累（耳蜗病变）。变应性鼻炎患者更容易出现听力异常，甚至在出现任何听力损害症状之前就能检测到。然而，气道过敏患者内耳损伤的确切病理生理学尚不清楚，因此，需要在该领域进行更多研究，纳入更大样本量人群，以评估对变应性鼻炎患者进行听力评估以早期发现听力损失的益处。
