Assiri Kholood, Hudise Jibril, Obeid Ali
Otorhinolaryngology - Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery consultant, King Faisal Medical City for Southern Regions, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Otorhinolaryngology - Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Consultant, King Faisal Medical City for Southern Regions, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2024 Feb;76(1):1464-1469. doi: 10.1007/s12070-023-04256-5. Epub 2023 Oct 12.
Otitis media is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the middle ear, which includes mastoid air cells, the middle ear cavity, the Eustachian tube, and the mastoid antrum. Otitis media can be either acute, less than six weeks, or chronic, which lasts for more than six weeks. Recurrent otitis media refers to three episodes of the disease occurring within six months or four episodes within one year. There are many risk factors for otitis media among children; however, some of such factors may vary based on the type of otitis media. To highlight the risk factors of chronic and recurrent otitis media in pediatrics. Scientific databases were used to search for articles related to our objective. Various terms were used for the search process. The types of articles included in our review were original articles, review articles, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews written in the English language and concerned with our subject. The topic was discussed under four main titles; the first overviewed the prevalence and risk factors of otitis media, the second title discussed chronic otitis media and its risk factors, the third title discussed recurrent otitis media and its risk factors, and the last title discussed the risk factors of both chronic and recurrent otitis media. There are various risk factors for chronic and recurrent otitis media, and they include allergy, passive smoking, male gender, and snoring. Also, genetics may have a common role, but this needs further investigation.
中耳炎是中耳黏膜的炎症，包括乳突气房、中耳腔、咽鼓管和乳突窦。中耳炎可分为急性（病程少于六周）或慢性（病程持续超过六周）。复发性中耳炎是指在六个月内发生三次或一年内发生四次该病发作。儿童中耳炎有许多危险因素；然而，其中一些因素可能因中耳炎类型而异。为了突出儿科慢性和复发性中耳炎的危险因素，我们使用科学数据库搜索与我们目标相关的文章。在搜索过程中使用了各种术语。纳入我们综述的文章类型包括用英语撰写的原创文章、综述文章、荟萃分析和系统评价，且与我们的主题相关。该主题在四个主要标题下进行了讨论；第一个标题概述了中耳炎的患病率和危险因素，第二个标题讨论了慢性中耳炎及其危险因素，第三个标题讨论了复发性中耳炎及其危险因素，最后一个标题讨论了慢性和复发性中耳炎的危险因素。慢性和复发性中耳炎有多种危险因素，包括过敏、被动吸烟、男性性别和打鼾。此外，遗传学可能起共同作用，但这需要进一步研究。
