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CRISPRi 诱导的 IAH1 基因转录调控及其对马克斯克鲁维酵母 DU3 挥发性化合物谱的影响。

CRISPRi-induced transcriptional regulation of IAH1 gene and its influence on volatile compounds profile in Kluyveromyces marxianus DU3.

机构信息

Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C. (CIATEJ), Subsede Zapopan, Zapopan, Jalisco, México.

CONAHCYT-Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Subsede Zapopan, Zapopan, Jalisco, México.

出版信息

World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024 Mar 5;40(4):121. doi: 10.1007/s11274-023-03811-0.

Abstract

Mezcal is a traditional Mexican distilled beverage, known for its marked organoleptic profile, which is influenced by several factors, such as the fermentation process, where a wide variety of microorganisms are present. Kluyveromyces marxianus is one of the main yeasts isolated from mezcal fermentations and has been associated with ester synthesis, contributing to the flavors and aromas of the beverage. In this study, we employed CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) technology, using dCas9 fused to the Mxi1 repressor factor domain, to down-regulate the expression of the IAH1 gene, encoding for an isoamyl acetate-hydrolyzing esterase, in K. marxianus strain DU3. The constructed CRISPRi plasmid successfully targeted the IAH1 gene, allowing for specific gene expression modulation. Through gene expression analysis, we assessed the impact of IAH1 down-regulation on the metabolic profile of volatile compounds. We also measured the expression of other genes involved in volatile compound biosynthesis, including ATF1, EAT1, ADH1, and ZWF1 by RT-qPCR. Results demonstrated successful down-regulation of IAH1 expression in K. marxianus strain DU3 using the CRISPRi system. The modulation of IAH1 gene expression resulted in alterations in the production of volatile compounds, specifically ethyl acetate, which are important contributors to the beverage's aroma. Changes in the expression levels of other genes involved in ester biosynthesis, suggesting that the knockdown of IAH1 may generate intracellular alterations in the balance of these metabolites, triggering a regulatory response. The application of CRISPRi technology in K. marxianus opens the possibility of targeted modulation of gene expression, metabolic engineering strategies, and synthetic biology in this yeast strain.

摘要

梅斯卡尔酒是一种传统的墨西哥蒸馏酒,以其显著的感官特性而闻名,这些特性受到多种因素的影响,例如发酵过程,其中存在着各种各样的微生物。马克斯克鲁维酵母是从梅斯卡尔酒发酵中分离出来的主要酵母之一,与酯类合成有关,有助于饮料的风味和香气。在这项研究中,我们使用 CRISPR 干扰(CRISPRi)技术,使用 dCas9 融合到 Mxi1 阻遏因子结构域,下调编码异戊酸乙酯水解酯酶的 IAH1 基因在马克斯克鲁维酵母 DU3 中的表达。构建的 CRISPRi 质粒成功地靶向了 IAH1 基因,允许进行特定的基因表达调控。通过基因表达分析,我们评估了 IAH1 下调对挥发性化合物代谢谱的影响。我们还通过 RT-qPCR 测量了其他参与挥发性化合物生物合成的基因,包括 ATF1、EAT1、ADH1 和 ZWF1 的表达。结果表明,CRISPRi 系统成功下调了马克斯克鲁维酵母 DU3 中的 IAH1 表达。IAH1 基因表达的调节导致挥发性化合物,特别是乙酯的产生发生变化,乙酯是饮料香气的重要贡献者。参与酯类生物合成的其他基因表达水平的变化表明,IAH1 的敲低可能会导致这些代谢物在细胞内平衡发生变化,引发调节反应。CRISPRi 技术在马克斯克鲁维酵母中的应用为该酵母菌株中的基因表达靶向调控、代谢工程策略和合成生物学开辟了可能性。

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