Kusmasari Wyke, Sutarto Auditya Purwandini, Dewi Nugrahaning Sani, Yudhistira Titah, Muslim Khoirul, Sanjaya Kadek Heri, Haqiyah Aridhotul, Lestari Wahyu Dwi
Department of Industrial Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Research Center for Smart Mechatronic, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
J Occup Health. 2024 Mar 5;66(1). doi: 10.1093/joccuh/uiae010.
Construction workers are significantly vulnerable to musculoskeletal disorders, yet the number of studies conducted in developing nations-where these workers significantly contribute to the economy-remains insufficient. This study aims at exploring the interaction between physical and psychosocial exposure to the onset of neck pain or symptoms amongst construction workers in a developing country.
Using a cross-sectional study design, a total of 235 respondents from various construction projects participated in this study. Participants were assigned into one of four exposure groups: low physical and low psychosocial (which served as the reference group); low physical and high psychosocial; high physical and low psychosocial, and high physical and high psychosocial. To quantitatively assess the interaction, we calculated the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP), and synergy index (SI).
Workers experiencing high levels of both physical and psychosocial risk factors had the highest odds ratio (OR) of neck symptoms (OR: 12.63, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.39 - 46.99) compared to other groups. The AP (AP: 0.33, 95% CI: -0.24 - 0.90), RERI (RERI: 0.40, 95% CI: -0.99 - 1.79), and SI (SI: 1.69, 95% CI: -1.77 - 5.15) revealed an interaction between physical and psychosocial factors that increases the OR of neck symptoms.
This result suggests that physical risk factors at work become significantly more detrimental when paired with high psychosocial stress. Hence, ergonomic interventions in the construction industry aiming to reduce musculoskeletal disorders should consider both physical and psychosocial risk factors concurrently.
建筑工人极易患肌肉骨骼疾病，但在发展中国家（这些工人对经济有重大贡献）开展的相关研究数量仍然不足。本研究旨在探讨发展中国家建筑工人身体暴露因素与心理社会暴露因素对颈部疼痛或症状发作的相互作用。
采用横断面研究设计，来自不同建筑项目的235名受访者参与了本研究。参与者被分为四个暴露组之一：低身体暴露和低心理社会暴露组（作为参照组）；低身体暴露和高心理社会暴露组；高身体暴露和低心理社会暴露组，以及高身体暴露和高心理社会暴露组。为了定量评估相互作用，我们计算了交互作用所致相对超额危险度（RERI）、归因比例（AP）和协同指数（SI）。
与其他组相比，同时经历高水平身体和心理社会危险因素的工人出现颈部症状的比值比（OR）最高（OR：12.63，95%置信区间（CI）：3.39 - 46.99）。AP（AP：0.33，95%CI： - 0.24 - 0.90）、RERI（RERI：0.40，95%CI： - 0.99 - 1.79）和SI（SI：1.69，95%CI： - 1.77 - 5.15）表明身体和心理社会因素之间存在相互作用，会增加颈部症状的OR。
该结果表明，当工作中的身体危险因素与高心理社会压力同时存在时，其危害会显著增加。因此，旨在减少建筑行业肌肉骨骼疾病的工效学干预措施应同时考虑身体和心理社会危险因素。
