营养补充剂对接种灭活 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗孕妇抗体水平的影响。
Influence of nutritional supplements on antibody levels in pregnant women vaccinated with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
机构信息
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2024 Mar 7;19(3):e0289255. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289255. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND
Because of the significantly higher demand for nutrients during pregnancy, pregnant women are more likely to have nutrient deficiencies, which may adversely affect maternal and fetal health. The influence of nutritional supplements on the immune effects of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines during pregnancy is not clear.
METHODS
In a multicenter cross-sectional study, we enrolled 873 pregnant women aged 18-45 y in Guangdong, China. The general demographic characteristics of pregnant women and their use of nutritional supplements were investigated, and the serum antibody levels induced by inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were measured. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between nutritional supplements and SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels.
RESULTS
Of the 873 pregnant women enrolled, 825 (94.5%) took folic acid during pregnancy, 165 (18.9%) took iron supplements, and 197 (22.6%) took DHA. All pregnant women received at least one dose of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and the positive rates of serum SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were 44.7% and 46.4%, respectively. After adjustment for confounding factors, whether pregnant women took folic acid, iron supplements, or DHA did not influence NAb positivity or IgG positivity (P > 0.05). Compared with pregnant women who did not take folic acid, the odds ratios (ORs) for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 NAb and IgG antibody in pregnant women who took folic acid were 0.67 (P = 0.255; 95% CI, 0.34-1.32) and 1.24 (P = 0.547; 95% CI, 0.60-2.55), respectively. Compared with pregnant women who did not take iron supplements, the ORs for the presence of NAb and IgG antibody in pregnant women who took iron supplements were 1.16(P = 0.465; 95% CI, 0.77-1.76) and 0.98 (P = 0.931; 95% CI, 0.64-1.49), respectively. Similarly, the ORs for NAb and IgG antibody were 0.71 (P = 0.085; 95% CI, 0.49-1.04) and 0.95 (P = 0.801; 95% CI, 0.65-1.38) in pregnant women who took DHA compared with those who did not.
CONCLUSIONS
Nutritional supplementation with folic acid, iron, or DHA during pregnancy was not associated with antibody levels in pregnant women who received inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
背景
由于妊娠期间对营养的需求显著增加，孕妇更有可能出现营养缺乏，这可能对母婴健康产生不利影响。营养补充剂对妊娠期间灭活 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗免疫效果的影响尚不清楚。
方法
在一项多中心横断面研究中，我们招募了中国广东 873 名 18-45 岁的孕妇。调查了孕妇的一般人口统计学特征和营养补充剂的使用情况，并测量了灭活 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗诱导的血清抗体水平。使用 logistic 回归模型分析了营养补充剂与 SARS-CoV-2 抗体水平之间的关系。
结果
在纳入的 873 名孕妇中，825 名（94.5%）在妊娠期间服用了叶酸，165 名（18.9%）服用了铁补充剂，197 名（22.6%）服用了 DHA。所有孕妇均至少接种了一剂灭活 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗，血清 SARS-CoV-2 中和抗体（NAb）和免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）抗体的阳性率分别为 44.7%和 46.4%。调整混杂因素后，孕妇服用叶酸、铁补充剂或 DHA 并不影响 NAb 阳性或 IgG 阳性（P＞0.05）。与未服用叶酸的孕妇相比，服用叶酸的孕妇 SARS-CoV-2 NAb 和 IgG 抗体阳性的优势比（OR）分别为 0.67（P=0.255；95%CI，0.34-1.32）和 1.24（P=0.547；95%CI，0.60-2.55）。与未服用铁补充剂的孕妇相比，服用铁补充剂的孕妇 NAb 和 IgG 抗体阳性的 OR 分别为 1.16（P=0.465；95%CI，0.77-1.76）和 0.98（P=0.931；95%CI，0.64-1.49）。同样，与未服用 DHA 的孕妇相比，服用 DHA 的孕妇 NAb 和 IgG 抗体的 OR 分别为 0.71（P=0.085；95%CI，0.49-1.04）和 0.95（P=0.801；95%CI，0.65-1.38）。
结论
妊娠期间补充叶酸、铁或 DHA 与接受灭活 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的孕妇的抗体水平无关。
Zotero 插件