捕捞鲨鱼和鳐鱼获取油脂与鱼肉导致深水鲨鱼和鳐鱼遭受不可逆转的种群灭绝。
Fishing for oil and meat drives irreversible defaunation of deepwater sharks and rays.
作者信息
Finucci Brittany, Pacoureau Nathan, Rigby Cassandra L, Matsushiba Jay H, Faure-Beaulieu Nina, Sherman C Samantha, VanderWright Wade J, Jabado Rima W, Charvet Patricia, Mejía-Falla Paola A, Navia Andrés F, Derrick Danielle H, Kyne Peter M, Pollom Riley A, Walls Rachel H L, Herman Katelyn B, Kinattumkara Bineesh, Cotton Charles F, Cuevas Juan-Martín, Daley Ross K, Ebert David A, Fernando Daniel, Fernando Stela M C, Francis Malcolm P, Huveneers Charlie, Ishihara Hajime, Kulka David W, Leslie Robin W, Neat Francis, Orlov Alexei M, Rincon Getulio, Sant Glenn J, Volvenko Igor V, Walker Terence I, Simpfendorfer Colin A, Dulvy Nicholas K
机构信息
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), Wellington, New Zealand.
Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
出版信息
Science. 2024 Mar 8;383(6687):1135-1141. doi: 10.1126/science.ade9121. Epub 2024 Mar 7.
The deep ocean is the last natural biodiversity refuge from the reach of human activities. Deepwater sharks and rays are among the most sensitive marine vertebrates to overexploitation. One-third of threatened deepwater sharks are targeted, and half the species targeted for the international liver-oil trade are threatened with extinction. Steep population declines cannot be easily reversed owing to long generation lengths, low recovery potentials, and the near absence of management. Depth and spatial limits to fishing activity could improve conservation when implemented alongside catch regulations, bycatch mitigation, and international trade regulation. Deepwater sharks and rays require immediate trade and fishing regulations to prevent irreversible defaunation and promote recovery of this threatened megafauna group.
深海是人类活动尚未触及的最后一片自然生物多样性避难所。深水鲨鱼和鳐鱼是最易受到过度开发影响的海洋脊椎动物之一。三分之一受到威胁的深水鲨鱼被列为捕捞对象，而国际鱼肝油贸易所针对的物种中有一半面临灭绝威胁。由于繁殖周期长、恢复潜力低且几乎没有管理措施，种群数量的急剧下降难以轻易扭转。当与捕捞规定、副渔获物缓解措施和国际贸易监管措施一起实施时，捕鱼活动的深度和空间限制可以改善保护状况。深水鲨鱼和鳐鱼需要立即实施贸易和捕捞规定，以防止不可逆转的动物群消失，并促进这一受威胁的大型动物群体的恢复。
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