Huangfu Peijue, Pearson Fiona, Abu-Hijleh Farah Marwan, Wahlich Charlotte, Willis Kathryn, Awad Susanne F, Abu-Raddad Laith J, Critchley Julia A
Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK.
Lancet Planet Health. 2024 Mar;8(3):e197-e212. doi: 10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00004-4.
Poor diets are a global concern and are linked with various adverse health outcomes. Healthier foods such as fruit and vegetables are often more expensive than unhealthy options. This study aimed to assess the effect of price reductions for healthy food (including fruit and vegetables) on diet. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on studies that looked at the effects of financial incentives on healthy food. Main outcomes were change in purchase and consumption of foods following a targeted price reduction. We searched electronic databases (MEDLINE, EconLit, Embase, Cinahl, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science), citations, and used reference screening to identify relevant studies from Jan 1, 2013, to Dec 20, 2021, without language restrictions. We stratified results by population targeted (low-income populations vs general population), the food group that the reduction was applied to (fruit and vegetables, or other healthier foods), and study design. Percentage price reduction was standardised to assess the effect in meta-analyses. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. 34 studies were eligible; 15 took place in supermarkets and eight took place in workplace canteens in high-income countries, and 21 were targeted at socioeconomically disadvantaged communities. Pooled analyses of 14 studies showed a price reduction of 20% resulted in increases in fruit and vegetable purchases by 16·62% (95% CI 12·32 to 20·91). Few studies had maintained the price reduction for over 6 months. In conclusion, price reductions can lead to increases in purchases of fruit and vegetables, potentially sufficient to generate health benefits, if sustained.
不良饮食是一个全球关注的问题，并且与各种不良健康结果相关。诸如水果和蔬菜等更健康的食物往往比不健康的食物选择更昂贵。本研究旨在评估健康食品（包括水果和蔬菜）降价对饮食的影响。我们对研究经济激励措施对健康食品影响的研究进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。主要结果是在有针对性的降价后食品购买和消费的变化。我们检索了电子数据库（MEDLINE、EconLit、Embase、Cinahl、Cochrane图书馆和科学网）、引文，并使用参考文献筛选来识别2013年1月1日至2021年12月20日期间的相关研究，无语言限制。我们按目标人群（低收入人群与普通人群）、降价所应用的食物类别（水果和蔬菜，或其他更健康的食物）以及研究设计对结果进行分层。降价百分比进行了标准化以评估荟萃分析中的效果。使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具和纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估研究质量。34项研究符合条件；15项在超市进行，8项在高收入国家的工作场所食堂进行，21项针对社会经济弱势社区。对14项研究的汇总分析表明，降价20%导致水果和蔬菜购买量增加16.62%（95%置信区间12.32至20.91）。很少有研究将降价维持超过6个月。总之，如果持续下去，降价可导致水果和蔬菜购买量增加，可能足以产生健康益处。
