Park Jae Ho, Lim Nam-Kyoo, Park Hyun-Young
Division of Population Health Research, Department of Precision Medicine, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 200 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28160, Korea.
Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187 Osongsaengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, 28159, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea.
Eur Rev Aging Phys Act. 2024 Mar 7;21(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s11556-024-00339-6.
Low muscle mass is associated with adverse health outcomes such as functional decline and all-cause mortality. This study investigated the relationship between the risk of low muscle mass and the training period and/or frequency of resistance training (RT).
We included 126,339 participants (81,263 women) from nationwide cohorts in Korea. Low muscle mass was defined based on the fat-free mass index. To investigate the presence of an inverse dose-response relationship between RT levels and the risk of low muscle mass, the training period (months) and frequency (per week) of RT were used. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the risk of low muscle mass according to the RT levels.
Prevalence rates for low muscle mass in our study population were 21.27% and 6.92% in men and women, respectively. When compared with not performing RT, performing RT for 3-4 days/week and ≥5 days/week decreased the risk of low muscle mass by 22% and 27%, respectively, and performing RT for 12-23 months and ≥24 months decreased the risk by 19% and 41%, respectively. When simultaneously considering both training period and frequency, performing RT for either 3-4 days/week or ≥5 days/week was significantly related to risk reduction, provided that the training period was at least 1 year. Importantly, performing RT for more than 2 years resulted in an additional risk reduction. However, there was no additional effect of performing RT for ≥5 days/week compared to 3-4 days/week, regardless of whether the RT duration was 1-2 years or more than 2 years.
Since performing RT for 5 days/week or more did not yield any additional effects on the risk of low muscle mass, performing RT for 3-4 days/week was sufficient to prevent low muscle mass. The effectiveness of this preventive measure can be further enhanced by engaging in long-term RT, specifically for more than 2 years.
低肌肉量与功能衰退和全因死亡率等不良健康结局相关。本研究调查了低肌肉量风险与抗阻训练（RT）的训练时长和/或频率之间的关系。
我们纳入了来自韩国全国队列的126,339名参与者（81,263名女性）。低肌肉量根据去脂体重指数来定义。为了研究RT水平与低肌肉量风险之间是否存在反向剂量反应关系，使用了RT的训练时长（月）和频率（每周）。采用多因素逻辑回归模型根据RT水平评估低肌肉量风险。
我们研究人群中男性和女性的低肌肉量患病率分别为21.27%和6.92%。与不进行RT相比，每周进行3 - 4天和≥5天的RT分别使低肌肉量风险降低了22%和27%，进行12 - 23个月和≥24个月的RT分别使风险降低了19%和41%。当同时考虑训练时长和频率时，只要训练时长至少为1年，每周进行3 - 4天或≥5天的RT与风险降低显著相关。重要的是，进行RT超过2年可进一步降低风险。然而，无论RT持续时间是1 - 2年还是超过2年，与每周进行3 - 4天的RT相比，每周进行≥5天的RT并没有额外效果。
由于每周进行5天或更多天数的RT对低肌肉量风险没有产生任何额外影响，因此每周进行3 - 4天的RT足以预防低肌肉量。通过长期进行RT，特别是超过2年，可以进一步提高这种预防措施的有效性。
