Department of Children Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Henan, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
The American Psychiatric Association, Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori, Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer of Henan Province, Marshall Medical Research Center, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2024 Feb 22;15:1341404. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1341404. eCollection 2024.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encompasses a range of neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by enduring impairments in social communication and interaction together with restricted repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities. No targeted pharmacological or physical interventions are currently available for ASD. However, emerging evidence has indicated a potential association between the development of ASD and dysregulation of the gut-brain axis. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a noninvasive diagnostic and therapeutic approach, has demonstrated positive outcomes in diverse psychiatric disorders; however, its efficacy in treating ASD and its accompanying gastrointestinal effects, particularly the effects on the gut-brain axis, remain unclear. Hence, this review aimed to thoroughly examine the existing research on the application of rTMS in the treatment of ASD. Additionally, the review explored the interplay between rTMS and the gut microbiota in children with ASD, focusing on the gut-brain axis. Furthermore, the review delved into the integration of rTMS and gut microbiota modulation as a targeted approach for ASD treatment based on recent literature. This review emphasizes the potential synergistic effects of rTMS and gut microbiota interventions, describes the underlying mechanisms, and proposes a potential therapeutic strategy for specific subsets of individuals with ASD.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）涵盖了一系列神经发育障碍，其特征是社交沟通和互动方面存在持久障碍，同时伴有受限的重复行为、兴趣和活动。目前，针对 ASD 尚无靶向药物或物理干预措施。然而，新出现的证据表明，ASD 的发展与肠道-大脑轴的失调之间存在潜在关联。重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）是一种非侵入性的诊断和治疗方法，已在多种精神疾病中显示出积极的结果；然而，其在治疗 ASD 及其伴随的胃肠道效应方面的疗效，特别是对肠道-大脑轴的影响，尚不清楚。因此，本综述旨在全面检查 rTMS 在治疗 ASD 中的应用的现有研究。此外，本综述探讨了 rTMS 和 ASD 儿童肠道微生物群之间的相互作用，重点关注肠道-大脑轴。此外，本综述还根据最近的文献探讨了将 rTMS 和肠道微生物群调节相结合作为 ASD 治疗的靶向方法。本综述强调了 rTMS 和肠道微生物群干预的潜在协同作用，描述了潜在的机制，并为 ASD 的特定亚组提出了一种潜在的治疗策略。
