UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, London, UK.
School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Child Dev. 2024 Jul-Aug;95(4):e287-e304. doi: 10.1111/cdev.14084. Epub 2024 Mar 8.
Independent decision making requires forming stable estimates of one's preferences. We assessed whether adolescents learn about their preferences through choice deliberation and whether depressive symptoms disrupt this process. Adolescents aged 11-18 (N = 214; participated 2021-22; Female: 53.9%; White/Black/Asian/Mixed/Arab or Latin American: 26/21/19/9/8%) rated multiple activities, chose between pairs of activities and re-rated those activities. As expected, overall, participants uprated chosen and downrated unchosen activities (dz = .20). This value refinement through choice was not evident in younger participants but emerged across adolescence. Contrary to our predictions, depressive symptoms were associated with greater value refinement. Despite this, more depressed adolescents reported lower value certainty and choice confidence. The cognitive processes through which choice deliberation shapes preference develop over adolescence, and are disrupted in depression.
独立决策需要形成稳定的个人偏好估计。我们评估了青少年是否通过选择思考来了解自己的偏好，以及抑郁症状是否会干扰这一过程。年龄在 11-18 岁的青少年（N=214；参与 2021-22 年；女性：53.9%；白种人/黑种人/亚洲人/多种族/阿拉伯或拉丁裔：26/21/19/9/8%）对多项活动进行了评价，在活动对之间进行了选择，并对这些活动进行了重新评价。正如预期的那样，总体而言，参与者对选择的活动给予更高的评价，对未选择的活动给予更低的评价（dz=0.20）。这种通过选择进行的价值细化在年龄较小的参与者中并不明显，但在整个青春期都出现了。与我们的预测相反，抑郁症状与更大的价值细化有关。尽管如此，更多抑郁的青少年报告说价值确定性和选择信心较低。通过选择思考塑造偏好的认知过程在青春期发展，而在抑郁中会受到干扰。
