The Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, BeiJing, China.
Peking University applied Lithotripsy Institute, BeiJing, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Mar 8;103(10):e37374. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037374.
The current report aimed to evaluate the characteristics of stone composition in 3637 renal and ureteral calculi patients in a single center while clarifying its relationship with sex, age, and time. Out of 3637 cases of upper urinary tract stones, stone specimens were analyzed retrospectively. There were 2373 male patients aged 6 months-87 years, with an average age of 44.73 ± 15.63 years, and 1264 female patients aged 4 months-87 years, with an average age of 46.84 ± 16.00 years. The male-female ratio was 1.88:1. Five hundred twelve patients had ureteral calculi, and 3125 had renal calculi. The SPSS software helped analyze the relationship between renal and ureteral calculi composition and sex, age, and time. Stone composition demonstrated 2205 cases of calcium oxalate stones (60.6%), 518 carbonate apatite (14.2%), 386 uric acids (10.6%), 232 magnesium ammonium phosphate (6.4%), 117 calcium phosphate (3.2%), 76 cystine (2.1%), 47 sodium urate (1.3%), 31 others (0.9%), and 25 ammonium urate (0.7%) cases. The overall male-to-female sex ratio was 1.88:1. Stones in the upper urinary tract were significantly more frequent in men than in women between the ages of 31 and 60. However, such stones were significantly more frequent in women than men over 80 (P < .05). Cystine, Sodium urate, Carbonated apatite, and uric acid indicated significant differences between different age categories (all P < .001). Stone composition analyses revealed that the frequency of calcium oxalate calculi has increased annually, while cystine and carbonated apatite incidences have dropped annually over the past decade. The components of renal and ureteral calculi vary significantly based on age and sex, with calcium oxalate calculi being more frequent in men while magnesium ammonium phosphate stones are more frequent in female patients. The age between 31 and 60 years is the most prevalent for renal and ureteral calculi in men and women.
本报告旨在评估单中心 3637 例肾输尿管结石患者的结石成分特征，并阐明其与性别、年龄和时间的关系。对 3637 例上尿路结石患者的结石标本进行回顾性分析。其中男 2373 例，年龄 6 个月-87 岁，平均年龄（44.73±15.63）岁；女 1264 例，年龄 4 个月-87 岁，平均年龄（46.84±16.00）岁；男女比例为 1.88∶1。输尿管结石 512 例，肾结石 3125 例。采用 SPSS 软件分析肾输尿管结石成分与性别、年龄、时间的关系。结石成分：草酸钙结石 2205 例（60.6%），碳酸磷灰石 518 例（14.2%），尿酸结石 386 例（10.6%），磷酸镁铵结石 232 例（6.4%），磷酸钙结石 117 例（3.2%），胱氨酸结石 76 例（2.1%），尿酸钠结石 47 例（1.3%），其他结石 31 例（0.9%），鸟粪石 25 例（0.7%）。男女总体比例为 1.88∶1。31-60 岁年龄段男性上尿路结石明显多于女性，80 岁以上女性明显多于男性（P<0.05）。胱氨酸、尿酸钠、碳酸磷灰石和尿酸在不同年龄组之间差异有统计学意义（均 P<0.001）。结石成分分析发现，近 10 年来草酸钙结石的发病率呈逐年上升趋势，胱氨酸和碳酸磷灰石的发病率呈逐年下降趋势。肾输尿管结石成分因年龄和性别而异，草酸钙结石在男性中更为常见，而磷酸镁铵结石在女性患者中更为常见。31-60 岁是男女肾输尿管结石最常见的年龄段。
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