Merck Animal Health, Rahway, NJ.
Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Mar 12;85(5). doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.12.0281. Print 2024 May 1.
Compare immune responses induced by 2 commercial intranasal (IN) modified-live viral (MLV) vaccines given individually or coadministered and evaluate prevention of infection and lung pathology following bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) challenge.
36 male Holstein calves (ages, 5 to 12 days).
In a randomized complete block design, each calf received an IN injection of either vaccine diluent (Placebo), an MLV vaccine containing bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1; N3), bovine coronavirus vaccine (BC), or both N3 and BC (BC + N3) with a booster 4 weeks later. Nasal secretions and blood were collected weekly. Three weeks after the booster, the calves were challenged with BHV-1, sampled for virus shedding, and euthanized 10 days later to quantify lung pathology. The study period was September 7, 2020, to April 6, 2021.
Calves were seropositive for BHV-1 and BC before vaccination. No significant difference in BC-specific serum immunoglobin G and nasal immunoglobin A antibody responses in the BC versus BC + N3 group or BHV-1-specific serum immunoglobin G and nasal immunoglobin A antibody responses in the N3 versus BC + N3 group. Cytokine responses to BHV-1 and BC did not differ among groups. BHV-1 shedding after challenge was significantly reduced in N3 groups versus Placebo and BC. There was a significant reduction in lung pathology in the N3 + BC group versus Placebo.
This study provides evidence an MLV vaccine containing BHV-1 and an MLV BC vaccine can be coadministered to neonatal calves without significantly altering immune responses to the 2 viruses or compromising the prevention of BHV-1 respiratory disease. Calves receiving the BC + N3 vaccine had a significant reduction in lung pathology after BHV-1 aerosol challenge.
比较两种商业性鼻内（IN）改良活病毒（MLV）疫苗单独或联合接种所引起的免疫反应，并评估其对牛疱疹病毒-1（BHV-1）感染的预防作用和肺部病理学变化。
36 头 5 至 12 日龄雄性荷斯坦小牛。
采用随机完全区组设计，每头小牛接受 IN 注射，分别为疫苗稀释剂（安慰剂）、含有牛疱疹病毒-1（BHV-1；N3）的 MLV 疫苗、牛冠状病毒疫苗（BC）或 N3 和 BC（BC+N3）联合接种，4 周后加强免疫。每周采集鼻分泌物和血液。加强免疫后 3 周，小牛接受 BHV-1 攻毒，采集病毒脱落样本，并于 10 天后安乐死，以定量肺病理学变化。研究期为 2020 年 9 月 7 日至 2021 年 4 月 6 日。
接种前小牛对 BHV-1 和 BC 呈血清阳性。BC 组与 BC+N3 组之间，BHV-1 特异性血清免疫球蛋白 G 和鼻免疫球蛋白 A 抗体反应或 N3 组与 BC+N3 组之间，BC 特异性血清免疫球蛋白 G 和鼻免疫球蛋白 A 抗体反应无显著差异。各组间 BHV-1 和 BC 的细胞因子反应无差异。与安慰剂和 BC 相比，N3 组攻毒后 BHV-1 脱落明显减少。N3+BC 组与安慰剂相比，肺病理学明显减轻。
本研究提供了证据表明，含有 BHV-1 的 MLV 疫苗和 MLV BC 疫苗可同时接种给新生小牛，而不会显著改变对这 2 种病毒的免疫反应，也不会损害对 BHV-1 呼吸道疾病的预防作用。接受 BC+N3 疫苗的小牛在 BHV-1 气溶胶攻毒后肺病理学变化明显减轻。
