Lemaire M, Schynts F, Meyer G, Georgin J P, Baranowski E, Gabriel A, Ros C, Belák S, Thiry E
Department of Infectious and Parasitic diseases, Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Boulevard de Colonster, 20-B 43bis, B-4000, Liège, Belgium.
Vaccine. 2001 Sep 14;19(32):4795-804. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(01)00212-2.
The effects of the vaccination of neonatal calves with a glycoprotein E (gE)-negative bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) were investigated in naïve and passively immunised calves either with the recommended dose or a 5-fold concentrated one. After inoculation (PI), all calves excreted the virus vaccine except three passively immunised calves inoculated with the lower titre. No antibody response could be detected in passively immunised calves, whatever the dose used, and they all became BHV-1 seronegative and remained so after dexamethasone treatment (PDT). Nevertheless, as shown by a gamma-interferon assay, all calves that excreted the vaccine PI developed a cell-mediated immune response and a booster response was observed PDT, suggesting viral reactivation. The vaccine virus was recovered PDT from nasal secretions in two calves and BHV-1 DNA were detected in trigeminal ganglia from five calves belonging to all inoculated groups. The results show that the BHV-1 gE-negative vaccine can establish latency not only in naïve but also in passively immunised neonatal calves after a single intranasal inoculation. Moreover, this study shows for the first time that the gE-negative vaccine, when used in passively immunised calves, can lead to seronegative vaccine virus carriers.
研究了用糖蛋白E（gE）阴性的1型牛疱疹病毒（BHV-1）对新生犊牛进行疫苗接种的效果，接种对象为未接触过该病毒的犊牛和经被动免疫的犊牛，接种剂量分别为推荐剂量和5倍浓缩剂量。接种后（PI），除3头接种低滴度疫苗的被动免疫犊牛外，所有犊牛都排出了疫苗病毒。无论使用何种剂量，被动免疫的犊牛均未检测到抗体反应，且在接受地塞米松治疗（PDT）后，它们都变为BHV-1血清阴性并一直保持。然而，如γ-干扰素检测所示，所有排出疫苗PI的犊牛都产生了细胞介导的免疫反应，并且在PDT时观察到了加强反应，提示病毒重新激活。在PDT时，从2头犊牛的鼻分泌物中回收了疫苗病毒，并且在所有接种组的5头犊牛的三叉神经节中检测到了BHV-1 DNA。结果表明，BHV-1 gE阴性疫苗单次鼻内接种后，不仅可以在未接触过该病毒的新生犊牛中建立潜伏感染，也可以在经被动免疫的新生犊牛中建立潜伏感染。此外，本研究首次表明，gE阴性疫苗用于经被动免疫的犊牛时，可导致血清阴性的疫苗病毒携带者。
