Department of Neurological Surgery, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, USA.
Department of Neurological Surgery, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, USA.
World Neurosurg. 2024 May;185:e969-e975. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.03.007. Epub 2024 Mar 7.
Within the current medical workforce, diversity is limited among surgical specialties. However, diversity allows physicians to provide culturally competent care. This paper discusses the trends in racial, ethnic, and gender representation within different surgical subspecialties with an emphasis on neurosurgery over a 20-year time frame.
A retrospective review of data collected by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education over the past twenty years, as reported in Journal of the American Medical Association, was conducted. Residents from 5 surgical specialties were evaluated based on gender, race, and ethnic identifications from 2002 to 2022. One-way analysis of variance was performed to compare the levels and retention rates of racial, ethnic, and gender diversity within these specialties.
Analysis of resident demographics of the 5 surgical specialties reveals an overall trend of increasing diversity over the study period. Over the past 20 years, neurosurgery had an overall increase in Asian (+5.1%), Hispanic (+3.0%), and female (+11.4%) residents, with a decrease in White residents by 2.1% and Black residents by 1.1%. Among the surgical specialties analyzed, otolaryngology had the greatest overall increase in minority residents. Notably, there has been an overall increase in female residents across all 5 surgical specialties, with the highest in otolaryngology (+20.3%) which was significantly more than neurosurgery (P < 0.001).
This chronological analysis spanning 20 years demonstrates that neurosurgery, like other specialties, has seen a growth in several racial and ethnic categories. Relative differences are notable in neurosurgery, including Black, Asian, Hispanic, and White ethnic categories, with growth in females, but at a significantly lesser pace than seen in otolaryngology and plastic surgery.
在当前的医疗工作者队伍中，外科专业的多样性有限。然而，多样性可以使医生提供文化上合适的护理。本文讨论了在过去 20 年中，不同外科专业的种族、族裔和性别代表性趋势，重点是神经外科。
对过去 20 年期间，美国医学协会报道的研究生医学教育认证委员会收集的数据进行了回顾性分析。根据 2002 年至 2022 年的性别、种族和族裔身份，评估了来自 5 个外科专业的住院医师。采用单因素方差分析比较了这些专业的种族、族裔和性别多样性的水平和保留率。
对 5 个外科专业住院医师人口统计学的分析显示，研究期间整体呈多样化趋势。在过去的 20 年中，神经外科的亚洲人（+5.1%）、西班牙裔（+3.0%）和女性（+11.4%）住院医师人数总体增加，白人住院医师减少 2.1%，黑人住院医师减少 1.1%。在所分析的外科专业中，耳鼻喉科少数民族住院医师人数增加最多。值得注意的是，所有 5 个外科专业的女性住院医师人数都有所增加，耳鼻喉科增加最多（+20.3%），明显高于神经外科（P<0.001）。
这项跨越 20 年的时间序列分析表明，神经外科与其他专业一样，在几个种族和族裔群体中有所增长。神经外科的相对差异显著，包括黑人、亚洲人、西班牙裔和白人，女性人数有所增加，但增长速度明显低于耳鼻喉科和整形外科。
