Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 May 10;924:171561. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171561. Epub 2024 Mar 6.
Ambient ozone (O) is recognized as a significant air pollutant with implications for cardiorespiratory health, yet the effects of indoor O exposure have received less consideration. Furthermore, while sleep occupies one-third of life, research on the health consequences of O exposure during this crucial period is scarce. This study aimed to investigate associations of indoor O during sleep with cardiorespiratory function and potential predisposing factors. A prospective study among 81 adults was conducted in Beijing, China. Repeated measurements of cardiorespiratory indices reflecting lung function, airway inflammation, cardiac autonomic function, blood pressure, systemic inflammation, platelet and glucose were performed on each subject. Real-time concentrations of indoor O during sleep were monitored. Associations of O with cardiorespiratory indices were evaluated using linear mixed-effect model. Effect modification by baseline lifestyles (diet, physical activity, sleep-related factors) and psychological status (stress and depression) were investigated through interaction analysis. The average indoor O concentration during sleep was 20.3 μg/m, which was well below current Chinese indoor air quality standard of 160 μg/m. O was associated with most respiratory indicators of decreased airway function except airway inflammation; whereas the cardiovascular effects were only manifested in autonomic dysfunction and not in others. An interquartile range increases in O at 6-h average was associated with changes of -3.60 % (95 % CI: -6.19 %, -0.93 %) and -9.60 % (95 % CI: -14.53 %, -4.39 %) in FVC and FEF, respectively. Further, stronger effects were noted among participants with specific dietary patterns, poorer sleep and higher level of depression. This study provides the first general population-based evidence that low-level exposure to indoor O during sleep has greater effects on the respiratory system than on the cardiovascular system. Our findings identify the respiratory system as an important target for indoor O exposure, and particularly highlight the need for greater awareness of indoor air quality, especially during sleep.
环境臭氧（O）被认为是一种重要的空气污染物，对心肺健康有影响，但室内 O 暴露的影响受到的关注较少。此外，虽然睡眠占据了人生的三分之一，但在这个关键时期，关于 O 暴露对健康的影响的研究却很少。本研究旨在调查睡眠期间室内 O 与心肺功能及潜在易感因素的关联。在中国北京进行了一项针对 81 名成年人的前瞻性研究。对每位受试者进行了多次心肺功能指标（反映肺功能、气道炎症、心脏自主神经功能、血压、全身炎症、血小板和血糖）的重复测量。同时监测睡眠期间室内 O 的实时浓度。使用线性混合效应模型评估 O 与心肺功能指标的关联。通过交互分析研究了基线生活方式（饮食、体育活动、睡眠相关因素）和心理状态（压力和抑郁）的影响修饰作用。睡眠期间室内 O 的平均浓度为 20.3μg/m，远低于当前中国室内空气质量标准的 160μg/m。O 与大多数反映气道功能下降的呼吸指标有关，除了气道炎症；而心血管效应仅表现为自主神经功能障碍，而不是其他方面。6 小时平均 O 浓度增加一个四分位距，与 FVC 和 FEF 分别降低 3.60%（95%CI：-6.19%，-0.93%）和 9.60%（95%CI：-14.53%，-4.39%）有关。此外，在具有特定饮食模式、较差睡眠和更高抑郁水平的参与者中，观察到更强的作用。本研究首次提供了一般人群基于证据的结果，表明睡眠期间室内 O 的低水平暴露对呼吸系统的影响大于对心血管系统的影响。我们的研究结果确定了呼吸系统是室内 O 暴露的一个重要靶器官，并特别强调了需要提高对室内空气质量的认识，特别是在睡眠期间。
