Monks J
J Adv Nurs. 1985 Mar;10(2):103-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00499.x.
An understanding of the influences upon nurses' time distribution is important for the evaluation of care and the justification of the cost of the nursing service. Time devoted to the care of breast cancer patients at different stages of their illness was studied by direct observation in ward, theatre and outpatient departments. Factors affecting the time spent with patients were found to differ in each location. In the ward and theatre, nurses' work was primarily patient-orientated in that the most significant determinants of the amount of nurse-patient contact appeared to be characteristics of the patients themselves. Particularly in the ward, nurses seemed free to make their own decisions concerning the patients who most needed their attention. In outpatient departments, organizational factors and the characteristics of the doctors conducting the clinics seemed most significant in determining nurses' time distribution. However, there were signs that nurses recognize differences between patients to which their current pattern of work organization does not allow adequate response.
了解影响护士时间分配的因素对于评估护理质量和证明护理服务成本的合理性非常重要。通过在病房、手术室和门诊部进行直接观察，研究了护士在乳腺癌患者不同病程阶段的护理时间。发现影响与患者相处时间的因素在每个场所都有所不同。在病房和手术室，护士的工作主要以患者为导向，因为护士与患者接触时间长短的最重要决定因素似乎是患者自身的特征。特别是在病房，护士似乎可以自由决定哪些患者最需要他们的关注。在门诊部，组织因素和门诊医生的特征似乎是决定护士时间分配的最重要因素。然而，有迹象表明，护士认识到患者之间的差异，但他们目前的工作组织模式无法对此做出充分回应。
