Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Asrat Woldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Asrat Woldeyes Health Science Campus, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Mar 8;24(1):741. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18148-y.
Although cervical cancer screening is one of the most effective strategies to reduce the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer, the percentage of cervical cancer screening in low- and middle-income counties is low. In Kenya, the current nationwide prevalence and associated factors for the detection of cervical cancer is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors for the detection of cervical cancer screening among women of reproductive age in Kenya using the Kenyan Demographic and Health Survey 2022.
This study used the most recent Kenyan Demographic and Health Survey data (2022) with a total weighted sample of 16,901 women. A mixed effects logistic regression analysis was performed and in the multivariable analysis, variables with a p-value below 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The strength of the association was evaluated using adjusted odds ratios along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals.
The prevalence of cervical cancer screening in Kenya was 16.81%(95% CI: 16.24, 17.38%). Having a history of abortion (AOR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.171.50, 1.43), using modern contraceptive methods (AOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.95), media exposure (AOR = 1.31, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.65), primary education (AOR = 1.56, 95%CI: 1.09, 2.22), secondary education (AOR = 21.99, 95% CI: 1.1.38, 2.87), higher education (AOR = 2..50, 95% CI: 1.71, 3.65), visiting health facility within the past 12 months (AOR = 1.61, 95%CI: 1.46, 1.79), positive HIV status (AOR: 3.50, 95% CI: 2.69, 4.57), being from a community with a higher proportion of educated individuals (AOR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.13, 1.65) and being from a community with high proportion of poor individuals (AOR = 0.72, 9 5%CI: 0.60-0.87)) were significantly associated with cervical cancer screening.
In Kenya, the prevalence of cervical cancer screening was found to be low. A history of abortion, use of modern contraceptives, exposure to the media, visits to health facilities in the past 12 months, HIV status, level of education, community educational level, and community wealth were identified as significant associated factors for cervical cancer screening. Therefore, it is recommended to implement targeted public health interventions that focus on these identified factors to improve the adoption of cervical cancer screening in Kenya.
尽管宫颈癌筛查是降低宫颈癌发病率和死亡率的最有效策略之一，但中低收入国家的宫颈癌筛查比例仍然较低。在肯尼亚，目前尚不清楚全国范围内宫颈癌的流行情况及其相关因素。因此，本研究旨在使用肯尼亚 2022 年人口与健康调查评估生殖年龄妇女中宫颈癌筛查的流行情况及其相关因素。
本研究使用了最新的肯尼亚人口与健康调查数据（2022 年），总加权样本量为 16901 名妇女。采用混合效应逻辑回归分析，在多变量分析中，p 值低于 0.05 的变量被认为具有统计学意义。使用调整后的优势比及其相应的 95%置信区间评估关联强度。
肯尼亚宫颈癌筛查的流行率为 16.81%（95%CI：16.24，17.38%）。有堕胎史（AOR=1.33，95%CI：1.171.50，1.43）、使用现代避孕方法（AOR=1.57，95%CI：1.25，1.95）、媒体接触（AOR=1.31，95%CI：1.03，1.65）、小学教育（AOR=1.56，95%CI：1.09，2.22）、中学教育（AOR=21.99，95%CI：1.1.38，2.87）、高等教育（AOR=2.50，95%CI：1.71，3.65）、过去 12 个月内访问卫生机构（AOR=1.61，95%CI：1.46，1.79）、HIV 阳性（AOR：3.50，95%CI：2.69，4.57）、来自教育程度较高的社区（AOR=1.37，95%CI：1.13，1.65）和来自贫困人口比例较高的社区（AOR=0.72，95%CI：0.60-0.87））与宫颈癌筛查显著相关。
在肯尼亚，宫颈癌筛查的流行率较低。堕胎史、使用现代避孕药具、接触媒体、过去 12 个月内就诊、HIV 状况、教育程度、社区教育水平和社区贫富状况是宫颈癌筛查的显著相关因素。因此，建议实施有针对性的公共卫生干预措施，重点关注这些已确定的因素，以提高肯尼亚宫颈癌筛查的采用率。
