Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Mariem, Tunisia.
Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agronomy Chott-Mariem, Tunisia; Regional Field Crops Research Center of Beja, IRESA, Tunisia.
Chemosphere. 2024 Apr;354:141574. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141574. Epub 2024 Mar 7.
Heavy metal pollution is an important environmental issue causing several hazards to organisms. In the present study, we investigated the uptake and accumulation of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn) in chicken lungs after six months of breeding on polymetallic-contaminated area in Jebel Ressas village. Genotoxicity in term of micronuclei frequency as well as oxidative stress in term of enzymatic activities of Catalase (CAT), Glutathion-S-Transferase (GST) and malondialdehydes accumulation (MDA) were performed. In addition, gene expression levels involved in oxidative stress genes (cat, sod and gst), metal homeostasis (mt1 and mt4) and DNA metabolism (p53, bcl2, caspase 3 and DNA ligase) were detected. Exposed chicken lungs revealed an important heavy metal accumulation of Cd and Zn co-occurring with oxidative status modulation. Transcriptomic results unveiled an upregulation of oxidative stress and homeostasis genes. On the other hand, genes involved in DNA metabolism indicated cellular functioning towards cells death and apoptosis modulation. Moreover, the histopathological examination revealed lung lesions in the chickens exposed to heavy metal contamination. Our study highlights the hazardous effects of heavy metal pollution on chicken respiratory system.
重金属污染是一个重要的环境问题，会对生物造成多种危害。在本研究中，我们调查了在杰贝尔雷萨斯村多金属污染地区饲养六个月后，鸡肺对重金属（铅、镉、铜和锌）的吸收和积累情况。以微核频率为指标的遗传毒性以及以过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）的酶活性和丙二醛（MDA）积累为指标的氧化应激进行了检测。此外，还检测了与氧化应激基因（cat、sod 和 gst）、金属稳态（mt1 和 mt4）和 DNA 代谢（p53、bcl2、caspase 3 和 DNA 连接酶）相关的基因表达水平。暴露的鸡肺显示出 Cd 和 Zn 的大量积累，同时伴有氧化状态的调节。转录组结果显示，氧化应激和稳态基因的表达上调。另一方面，参与 DNA 代谢的基因表明细胞功能朝向细胞死亡和细胞凋亡的调节。此外，组织病理学检查显示，暴露于重金属污染的鸡的肺部出现了病变。我们的研究强调了重金属污染对鸡呼吸系统的危害。
