College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, P.O.Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Busitema University, P.O.Box 236, Tororo, Uganda.
BMC Vet Res. 2024 Mar 9;20(1):97. doi: 10.1186/s12917-024-03938-8.
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia [CBPP] is a transboundary animal disease of cattle caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides [Mmm]. CBPP causes severe economic losses to livestock producers in sub-Saharan Africa mainly due to high mortality, morbidity, reduction in productivity as well as livestock trade restrictions. This study aimed at determining seroprevalence of Mmm in cattle from Karamoja region, north-eastern Uganda; data that are required to design and implement risk based CBPP control program.
We randomly collected blood samples from 2,300 cattle spread across Karamoja region. Serum was extracted and screened for antibodies against Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides [Mmm] using the competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay [cELISA].
A quarter [25.4%; 95% CI: 23.7-27.3] of the screened cattle [n = 2,300] were sero-positive for Mmm. Amudat and Kaabong districts recorded the lowest [12.3%] and highest [30.7%] Mmm seroprevalence respectively. Increasing age, overnight stay in cattle kraals and location [certain districts, villages, herds and sub counties] of the cattle herds, the factors that promote animal commingling, were the most significant risk factors of seroconversion with Mmm.
Results from this study indicated a higher seroprevalence of Mmm in Karamoja region cattle herds. This could be due to the increased frequency of CBPP outbreaks in recent years. To be effective, CBPP vaccination programs should target high risk herds along the international borders and other hotspot areas [e.g., parishes or sub counties] where cattle commingling is high.
传染性牛胸膜肺炎（CBPP）是一种由丝状支原体丝状亚种（Mmm）引起的牛的跨境动物疾病。由于高死亡率、发病率、生产力下降以及牲畜贸易限制，CBPP 给撒哈拉以南非洲的牲畜生产者造成了严重的经济损失。本研究旨在确定乌干达东北部卡拉莫贾地区牛中 Mmm 的血清流行率；这是设计和实施基于风险的 CBPP 控制计划所需的数据。
我们从卡拉莫贾地区随机采集了 2300 头牛的血液样本。提取血清并使用竞争性酶联免疫吸附试验（cELISA）检测针对丝状支原体丝状亚种（Mmm）的抗体。
在所检测的 2300 头牛中，有四分之一（25.4%；95%CI：23.7-27.3）呈 Mmm 血清阳性。阿穆达特和卡邦区记录的 Mmm 血清阳性率最低（12.3%），最高（30.7%）。牛群的年龄增长、在牛栏过夜以及牛群的位置（某些区、村、畜群和乡）等促进动物混杂的因素，是与 Mmm 血清转化最显著的风险因素。
本研究结果表明，卡拉莫贾地区牛群中 Mmm 的血清阳性率较高。这可能是由于近年来 CBPP 爆发的频率增加。为了有效，CBPP 疫苗接种计划应针对沿边境的高风险畜群以及其他热点地区（例如，教区或乡），这些地区的牛群混杂程度较高。
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