Yue Jingwei, Cao Jin, Liu Lin, Yin Li, Li Mingyue
Department of Emergency, Xi'an Children's Hospital (Xi'an Jiaotong University Affiliated Children's Hospital), Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Tus-Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Front Pediatr. 2024 Feb 23;12:1325562. doi: 10.3389/fped.2024.1325562. eCollection 2024.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has broad tissue tropism and high transmission, which are likely to perpetuate the pandemic. The study aim to analyze the clinicopathogenic characteristics in paediatric patients.
In this single-centre study, we retrospectively included all confirmed cases infected by SARS-CoV-2 infection at Xi'an Children's Hospital, China, from 1 December to 31 December 2022. The demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological features of the patients were analysed.
A total of 4,520 paediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant infections were included. Of these, 3,861 (85.36%) were outpatients, 659 (14.64%) were hospitalised patients, and nine patients (0.20%) died. Of the nine patients who died, five were diagnosed with acute necrotising encephalopathy (ANE). The most common symptoms were fever in 4,275 (94.59%) patients, cough in 1,320 (29.20%) patients, convulsions in 610 (13.50%) patients, vomiting in 410 (9.07%) patients, runny nose/coryza in 277 (6.13%) patients, hoarseness of voice in 273 (6.04%) patients. A blood cell analysis showed a slight elevation of monocytes (mean: 11.14 ± 0.07%). The main diagnoses for both outpatients and inpatients were respiratory infection with multisystem manifestations.
A high incidence of convulsions is a typical characteristic of children infected with SARS-CoV-2. Five of the nine COVID-19 fatalities were associated with ANE. This indicates that nervous system damage in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection is more significant.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）具有广泛的组织嗜性和高传播性，这可能使疫情持续下去。本研究旨在分析儿科患者的临床病理特征。
在这项单中心研究中，我们回顾性纳入了2022年12月1日至12月31日在中国西安儿童医院确诊感染SARS-CoV-2的所有病例。对患者的人口统计学、临床、实验室和放射学特征进行了分析。
共纳入4520例感染SARS-CoV-2奥密克戎变异株的儿科患者。其中，门诊患者3861例（85.36%），住院患者659例（14.64%），9例患者（0.20%）死亡。在9例死亡患者中，5例被诊断为急性坏死性脑病（ANE）。最常见的症状为发热4275例（94.59%）、咳嗽1320例（29.20%）、惊厥610例（13.50%）、呕吐410例（9.07%）、流涕/鼻塞277例（6.13%）、声音嘶哑273例（6.04%）。血细胞分析显示单核细胞略有升高（平均值：11.14±0.07%）。门诊和住院患者的主要诊断均为伴有多系统表现的呼吸道感染。
惊厥高发是感染SARS-CoV-2儿童的典型特征。9例COVID-19死亡病例中有5例与ANE相关。这表明SARS-CoV-2感染儿童的神经系统损害更为显著。
