Department of Cardiology, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, P.O. Box: 9862, Jeddah, 21159, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Heart Fail Rev. 2024 May;29(3):713-727. doi: 10.1007/s10741-024-10392-z. Epub 2024 Mar 11.
Left atrium (LA) is a very important component of cardiovascular performance. The assessment of LA function has gathered the interest with expanding research supporting the utility as a biomarker for outcomes in heart failure (HF). Echocardiography is the main imaging modality which helps in a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the LA size and function. Recent advances in probe technology and software analysis have provided a better understanding of LA anatomy, physiology, pathology, and function. A variety of parameters have been defined as markers of LA function but there is no single parameter that best defines LA function. Speckle tracking echocardiography-derived analysis of LA deformation provides a window on all phases of LA function (reservoir, conduit, and booster pump). There is accumulative published data that supported the diagnostic and prognostic values of LA deformation integration during echo assessment of LA in HF. This review article summarized the clinical utility of LA deformation that may help in prediction, diagnosis, categorization, risk stratification, and guiding the proper selection of therapy in HF patients in daily practice.
左心房（LA）是心血管功能的一个非常重要的组成部分。随着越来越多的研究支持将其作为心力衰竭（HF）结局的生物标志物的效用，LA 功能的评估引起了人们的兴趣。超声心动图是一种主要的成像方式，有助于对 LA 的大小和功能进行定性和定量评估。探头技术和软件分析的最新进展提供了对 LA 解剖、生理学、病理学和功能的更好理解。已经定义了多种参数作为 LA 功能的标志物，但没有一个单一的参数可以最好地定义 LA 功能。斑点追踪超声心动图衍生的 LA 变形分析提供了观察 LA 功能所有阶段（储器、导管和助推器泵）的窗口。有大量已发表的数据支持在 HF 患者的超声心动图评估中整合 LA 变形的诊断和预后价值。本文综述了 LA 变形的临床应用，这可能有助于预测、诊断、分类、危险分层以及指导 HF 患者的适当治疗选择。
