Augustin Matthias, Gewiss Caroline, Ben-Anaya Nesrine, Böhm Markus
Institut für Versorgungsforschung in der Dermatologie und bei Pflegeberufen (IVDP), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistr. 42, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.
Klinik für Hautkrankheiten, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Deutschland.
Dermatologie (Heidelb). 2024 May;75(5):404-411. doi: 10.1007/s00105-024-05312-z. Epub 2024 Mar 11.
With a prevalence of 0.5-2%, vitiligo is one of the most common skin disorders worldwide with loss of pigment. The skin disease has a disfiguring, often stigmatising character and is often associated with psychosocial distress.
To provide an overview of the psychosocial impairment, disease burden and resulting health care needs of patients with vitiligo.
Narrative review based on a literature search in PubMed for the years 1996-2022 on disease burden, quality of life and stigmatization is provided.
The search yielded 175 relevant original papers including clinical studies, meta-analyses and systematic reviews (n = 65) for the search period. A large number of studies document that vitiligo is associated with considerable psychosocial stress and relevant losses in quality of life. Problem areas particularly concern stigmatisation, sexual dysfunction, anxiety, reduced self-esteem and problems at work. The observed increased levels of anxiety and depression correlate with the severity and activity of vitiligo. Often, comorbidity also contributes to reduced self-esteem and social isolation. These factors determine a high need for care in a relevant proportion of those affected.
Vitiligo is not primarily a cosmetic problem, but a disease requiring treatment according to the World Health Organisation's definition of health as physical, mental and social well-being. The benefits of treatment options are to be measured by their effects on patient-reported outcomes.
白癜风是全球最常见的色素脱失性皮肤病之一，患病率为0.5%-2%。这种皮肤病具有毁容性，常常带来污名化，且常与心理社会困扰相关。
概述白癜风患者的心理社会损害、疾病负担及由此产生的医疗保健需求。
基于对1996年至2022年期间PubMed上关于疾病负担、生活质量和污名化的文献检索进行叙述性综述。
在检索期间，检索出175篇相关原创论文，包括临床研究、荟萃分析和系统评价（n = 65）。大量研究表明，白癜风与相当大的心理社会压力和生活质量的相关损失有关。问题领域尤其涉及污名化、性功能障碍、焦虑、自尊降低和工作问题。观察到的焦虑和抑郁水平升高与白癜风的严重程度和活动度相关。通常，合并症也会导致自尊降低和社会隔离。这些因素决定了相当一部分患者有很高的护理需求。
根据世界卫生组织对健康的定义，即身体、心理和社会福祉，白癜风并非主要是一个美容问题，而是一种需要治疗的疾病。治疗方案的益处应以其对患者报告结局的影响来衡量。
