Gorgzadeh Amirsasan, Amiri Paria Arab, Yasamineh Saman, Naser Basim Kareem, Abdulallah Khairia Abdulrahman
Faculty of Pharmacy, Jondi Shapour University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Biogerontology. 2024 Aug;25(4):583-613. doi: 10.1007/s10522-024-10095-w. Epub 2024 Mar 11.
The effects of an increasingly elderly population are among the most far-reaching in 21st-century society. The growing healthcare expense is mainly attributable to the increased incidence of chronic illnesses that accompany longer life expectancies. Different ideas have been put up to explain aging, but it is widely accepted that oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids contributes to the aging process. Increases in life expectancy in all contemporary industrialized cultures are accompanied by sharp increases in the prevalence of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular and neurological conditions, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, and cancer. Therefore, academic and public health authorities should prioritize the development of therapies to increase health span. Nanozyme (NZ)-like activity in nanomaterials has been identified as promising anti-aging nanomedicines. More than that, nanomaterials displaying catalytic activities have evolved as artificial enzymes with high structural stability, variable catalytic activity, and functional diversity for use in a wide range of biological settings, including those dealing with age-related disorders. Due to their inherent enzyme-mimicking qualities, enzymes have attracted significant interest in treating diseases associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS). The effects of NZs on aging and age-related disorders are summarized in this article. Finally, prospects and threats to enzyme research and use in aging and age-related disorders are offered.
人口老龄化的影响是21世纪社会中影响最为深远的因素之一。医疗费用的不断增加主要归因于随着预期寿命延长慢性病发病率的上升。人们提出了不同的观点来解释衰老，但普遍认为蛋白质、脂质和核酸的氧化损伤会促进衰老过程。在所有当代工业化国家，预期寿命的增加伴随着心血管疾病、神经疾病、2型糖尿病、骨质疏松症和癌症等与年龄相关疾病患病率的急剧上升。因此，学术和公共卫生当局应优先开发延长健康寿命的疗法。纳米材料中的类纳米酶（NZ）活性已被确认为有前景的抗衰老纳米药物。不仅如此，具有催化活性的纳米材料已发展成为具有高结构稳定性、可变催化活性和功能多样性的人工酶，可用于广泛的生物环境，包括那些与年龄相关疾病相关的环境。由于其固有的模拟酶特性，酶在治疗与活性氧（ROS）相关的疾病方面引起了极大的兴趣。本文总结了纳米酶对衰老和与年龄相关疾病的影响。最后，还介绍了酶在衰老和与年龄相关疾病研究和应用中的前景与挑战。
