Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2024 Jan;89(1):159-172. doi: 10.1134/S0006297924010103.
N-methyladenosine (mA) is one of the most common modifications in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic mRNAs. It has been experimentally confirmed that mA methylation is involved in the regulation of stability and translation of various mRNAs. Until recently, the majority of mA-related studies have been focused on the cytoplasmic functions of this modification. Here, we review new data on the role of mA in several key biological processes taking place in the cell nucleus, such as transcription, chromatin organization, splicing, nuclear-cytoplasmic transport, and R-loop metabolism. Based on analysis of these data, we suggest that mA methylation of nuclear RNAs is another level of gene expression regulation which, together with DNA methylation and histone modifications, controls chromatin structure and functioning in various biological contexts.
N6-甲基腺嘌呤（m6A）是真核生物和原核生物 mRNA 中最常见的修饰之一。实验已经证实，m6A 甲基化参与了各种 mRNA 的稳定性和翻译的调节。直到最近，大多数与 m6A 相关的研究都集中在这种修饰的细胞质功能上。在这里，我们回顾了关于 m6A 在细胞核中发生的几个关键生物学过程中的作用的新数据，例如转录、染色质组织、剪接、核质转运和 R 环代谢。基于对这些数据的分析，我们提出核 RNA 的 m6A 甲基化是另一个基因表达调控水平，它与 DNA 甲基化和组蛋白修饰一起，在各种生物环境中控制着染色质结构和功能。
