Gomes Ronaldo Silva, Machado Júnior Ronaldo, de Almeida Cleverson Freitas, de Oliveira Rebeca Lourenço, Nascimento Moysés, Nardino Maicon, do Nascimento Wellington Ferreira, da Silva Derly José Henriques
Agronomy Department, Federal University of Viçosa-UFV, PH Rolfs Avenue, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil.
Statistics Departament, Federal University of Viçosa-UFV, PH Rolfs Avenue, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2024 Mar 11;14(1):5930. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-54818-y.
With widespread cultivation, Cucurbita moschata stands out for the carotenoid content of its fruits such as β and α-carotene, components with pronounced provitamin A function and antioxidant activity. C. moschata seed oil has a high monounsaturated fatty acid content and vitamin E, constituting a lipid source of high chemical-nutritional quality. The present study evaluates the agronomic and chemical-nutritional aspects of 91 accessions of C. moschata kept at the BGH-UFV and propose the establishment of a core collection based on multivariate approaches and on the implementation of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). ANNs was more efficient in identifying similarity patterns and in organizing the distance between the genotypes in the groups. The averages and variances of traits in the CC formed using a 15% sampling of accessions, were closer to those of the complete collection, particularly for accumulated degree days for flowering, the mass of seeds per fruit, and seed and oil productivity. Establishing the 15% CC, based on the broad characterization of this germplasm, will be crucial to optimize the evaluation and use of promising accessions from this collection in C. moschata breeding programs, especially for traits of high chemical-nutritional importance such as the carotenoid content and the fatty acid profile.
随着南瓜的广泛种植，其果实中的类胡萝卜素含量十分突出，如β-胡萝卜素和α-胡萝卜素，这些成分具有显著的维生素A原功能和抗氧化活性。南瓜籽油含有高含量的单不饱和脂肪酸和维生素E，是一种具有高化学营养品质的脂质来源。本研究评估了保存在巴西戈亚斯联邦大学（BGH-UFV）的91份南瓜种质资源的农艺和化学营养方面，并提议基于多变量方法和人工神经网络（ANNs）的实施建立一个核心种质库。人工神经网络在识别相似性模式和组织群体中基因型之间的距离方面更有效。使用15%的种质资源样本形成的核心种质库中，性状的平均值和方差更接近完整种质库的平均值和方差，特别是对于开花的积温、单果种子质量以及种子和油的产量。基于对该种质资源的广泛表征建立15%的核心种质库，对于优化该种质库中有前景的种质资源在南瓜育种计划中的评估和利用至关重要，特别是对于类胡萝卜素含量和脂肪酸谱等高化学营养重要性的性状。
