Elicora Aykut, Yaprak Bayrak Busra, Vural Cigdem, Sezer Huseyin Fatih, Uzun Erkal Semra, Metin Elif
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey.
Department of Pathology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey.
J Cardiothorac Surg. 2024 Mar 11;19(1):113. doi: 10.1186/s13019-024-02596-z.
The basis for current and future lung cancer immunotherapy depends on our knowledge of molecular mechanisms of interactions between tumor and immune system cells. Interactions that occur between different intratumoral populations of the same cells are important. In our study, we aimed to evaluate relationship between the clinical and prognostic features and T lymphocyte subgroups of patients with lung tumors after neoadjuvant treatment.
A total of 72 patients were included in our study, including study group, 39 of whom received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Clinical/radiological/pathological findings of patients and CD4/CD8 staining rates in peritumoral/intratumoral areas were recorded.
Our study revealed significantly lower intratumoral CD4 + T cell density and lower intratumoral CD4/CD8 ratio in primary tumor after neoadjuvant therapy (respectively, 0.012 and 0.016). Considering tumor types, when control-study groups were compared, inflammation was statistically significant only in adenocarcinoma subtype; intratumoral CD4/CD8 ratio was statistically significant only in squamous-cell carcinoma subtype (respectively, p = 0.0008 and p = 0.0139). When CD4 + T lymphocytes and CD8 + T lymphocytes and CD4/CD8 ratio were compared between control and study groups in low-stage patients according to clinical stages, only intratumoral CD4 + T lymphocyte values and intratumoral CD4/CD8 ratio were significant (respectively, p = 0.0291 ve p = 0.0154).
All cell types of innate and adaptive intratumoral immunity can affect lung cancer tissues simultaneously, and these interactions have a very complex structure. Understanding the tumor microenvironment and the different roles of associated cancer immune cells may lead to the discovery of new targets for immunological therapies and increased survival times in lung cancer.
当前及未来肺癌免疫治疗的基础取决于我们对肿瘤与免疫系统细胞间相互作用分子机制的了解。同一细胞不同肿瘤内群体之间发生的相互作用很重要。在我们的研究中，我们旨在评估新辅助治疗后肺肿瘤患者的临床和预后特征与T淋巴细胞亚群之间的关系。
我们的研究共纳入72例患者，包括研究组，其中39例接受了新辅助化疗。记录患者的临床/放射学/病理学发现以及瘤周/瘤内区域的CD4/CD8染色率。
我们的研究显示，新辅助治疗后原发性肿瘤内的瘤内CD4 + T细胞密度显著降低，瘤内CD4/CD8比值也降低（分别为0.012和0.016）。考虑肿瘤类型，在比较对照组和研究组时，仅腺癌亚型的炎症具有统计学意义；瘤内CD4/CD8比值仅在鳞状细胞癌亚型中具有统计学意义（分别为p = 0.0008和p = 0.0139）。根据临床分期在低分期患者的对照组和研究组之间比较CD4 + T淋巴细胞、CD8 + T淋巴细胞和CD4/CD8比值时，仅瘤内CD4 + T淋巴细胞值和瘤内CD4/CD8比值具有统计学意义（分别为p = 0.0291和p = 0.0154）。
肿瘤内先天性和适应性免疫的所有细胞类型可同时影响肺癌组织，且这些相互作用具有非常复杂的结构。了解肿瘤微环境及相关癌症免疫细胞的不同作用可能会发现免疫治疗的新靶点，并延长肺癌患者的生存时间。
