Fukuya Yuki, Asaka Yoko
Department of Maternal and Child Nursing/Midwifery, Course of Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan.
Eur J Midwifery. 2024 Mar 11;8. doi: 10.18332/ejm/183805. eCollection 2024.
There have been significant changes in the work environment of midwives, such as the establishment of prenatal medical centers and shared wards for obstetrics and other departments. These changes in the work environment pose a psychological burden on midwives. Under these circumstances, the concept of work engagement is essential for overcoming the ensuing difficulties. However, no studies have yet investigated midwives working in prenatal medical centers in Japan. This study examined the factors affecting work engagement among midwives working in prenatal medical centers in Japan.
A cross-sectional survey of 498 midwives working at prenatal medical centers nationwide was conducted. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test, correlation analysis using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis as linear regression.
The median of work engagement score was 3.00 (IQR: 2.40-3.60). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that professional identity (β=0.494, p<0.001), resilience (β=0.243, p<0.001), presence of in-hospital midwifery in the facility (β=0.138, p<0.011), and age (β=0.085, p=0.021) were significant. The adjusted R value was 0.490 (p<0.001).
These results offer management insights into improving work engagement among midwives working in prenatal medical centers in Japan. The proposed measures include hospital/ward administrators establishing the professional identity of midwives and providing them with opportunities to demonstrate their expertise, for instance, within in-hospital midwifery systems at perinatal medical centers.
助产士的工作环境发生了重大变化，例如产前医疗中心的设立以及产科与其他科室的共享病房。这些工作环境的变化给助产士带来了心理负担。在这种情况下，工作投入的概念对于克服随之而来的困难至关重要。然而，目前尚无研究调查日本产前医疗中心的助产士情况。本研究考察了影响日本产前医疗中心助产士工作投入的因素。
对全国产前医疗中心的498名助产士进行了横断面调查。数据采用曼-惠特尼U检验或克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验进行分析，使用斯皮尔曼等级相关系数进行相关性分析，并作为线性回归进行多元回归分析。
工作投入得分的中位数为3.00（四分位间距：2.40 - 3.60）。多元线性回归分析显示，职业认同（β = 0.494，p < 0.001）、心理韧性（β = 0.243，p < 0.001）、机构内有无院内助产服务（β = 0.138，p < 0.011）以及年龄（β = 0.085，p = 0.021）具有显著性。调整后的R值为0.490（p < 0.001）。
这些结果为提高日本产前医疗中心助产士的工作投入提供了管理方面的见解。建议的措施包括医院/病房管理人员确立助产士的职业认同，并为他们提供展示专业技能的机会，例如在围产期医疗中心的院内助产系统内。
