Magilvy J K
Nurs Res. 1985 May-Jun;34(3):140-4.
A survey of 66 hearing-impaired older women aged 54 to 96 years interviewed at home examined major influences on quality of life experienced by 27 prevocationally deaf and 39 later onset subjects. A causal model was specified; the predictors of quality of life included age, age at onset of hearing loss, financial adequacy, social hearing handicap, perceived health, and functional social support. The model proposed that health, social support, hearing handicap, and financial adequacy would directly affect quality of life as well as mediate the effect of the demographic variables, age and age at onset of loss, on this outcome. Later onset subjects were hypothesized to have lower quality of life due to increased social hearing handicap, decreased health, and decreased functional social support. Results of the path analysis showed the best predictors of quality of life to be social hearing handicap, functional social support, and perceived health. The later onset group had an overall lower perception of quality of life, this relationship being mediated as predicted. Generally, the hypothesized causal model was supported with 34% of variance explained. Descriptive findings also supported a difference in social hearing handicap between the two groups, yielding several implications for nursing interventions.
一项针对66名年龄在54至96岁之间的听力受损老年女性的调查，这些女性在家中接受了访谈，研究了27名职业性失聪者和39名迟发性失聪者生活质量的主要影响因素。确定了一个因果模型；生活质量的预测因素包括年龄、听力损失开始的年龄、经济充足程度、社会听力障碍、感知健康状况和功能性社会支持。该模型提出，健康、社会支持、听力障碍和经济充足程度将直接影响生活质量，并调节人口统计学变量（年龄和听力损失开始的年龄）对这一结果的影响。假设迟发性失聪者由于社会听力障碍增加、健康状况下降和功能性社会支持减少，生活质量较低。路径分析结果表明，生活质量的最佳预测因素是社会听力障碍、功能性社会支持和感知健康状况。迟发性失聪组对生活质量的总体认知较低，这种关系正如预测的那样得到了调节。总体而言，假设的因果模型得到了支持，34%的方差得到了解释。描述性研究结果也支持两组在社会听力障碍方面的差异，这对护理干预产生了若干影响。
