Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai 200032, China.
J Proteome Res. 2024 Apr 5;23(4):1272-1284. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00735. Epub 2024 Mar 12.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with intrauterine hyperglycemia induces a series of changes in the placenta, which have adverse effects on both the mother and the fetus. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the placenta in GDM and its gender differences. In this study, we established an intrauterine hyperglycemia model using ICR mice. We collected placental specimens from mice before birth for histological observation, along with tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeled proteomic analysis, which was stratified by sex. When the analysis was not segregated by sex, the GDM group showed 208 upregulated and 225 downregulated proteins in the placenta, primarily within the extracellular matrix and mitochondria. Altered biological processes included cholesterol metabolism and oxidative stress responses. After stratification by sex, the male subgroup showed a heightened tendency for immune-related pathway alterations, whereas the female subgroup manifested changes in branched-chain amino acid metabolism. Our study suggests that the observed sex differences in placental protein expression may explain the differential impact of GDM on offspring.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）伴宫内高血糖会引起胎盘一系列变化，对母婴均有不良影响。本研究旨在探讨 GDM 胎盘的变化及其性别差异。本研究采用 ICR 小鼠建立宫内高血糖模型。我们收集了出生前小鼠的胎盘标本，进行组织学观察，并进行串联质量标签（TMT）标记的蛋白质组学分析，按性别分层。当不按性别分层进行分析时，GDM 组胎盘中有 208 个上调蛋白和 225 个下调蛋白，主要位于细胞外基质和线粒体中。改变的生物学过程包括胆固醇代谢和氧化应激反应。按性别分层后，雄性亚组表现出免疫相关途径改变的趋势增强，而雌性亚组表现出支链氨基酸代谢的变化。本研究表明，胎盘蛋白表达观察到的性别差异可能解释了 GDM 对子代的不同影响。
