Ferkai Luca Anna, Schiszler Bence, Bánfai Bálint, Pandur Attila, Gálos Gergely, Kívés Zsuzsanna, Sipos Dávid, Betlehem József, Stromájer-Rácz Tímea, Deutsch Krisztina
Faculty of Health Science, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Vörösmarty Street 4, 7621 Pécs, Hungary.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Emergency Care, Pedagogy of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Pécs, Vörösmarty Street 4, 7621 Pécs, Hungary.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Mar 1;12(5):579. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12050579.
Maintaining mental health is essential for professions with higher stress levels and challenging environments, including emergency specializations. In this study, the occurrence of distress, anxiety, and depression among a group of ambulance and hospital emergency care professionals was assessed ( = 202). A cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive online survey was conducted, including the internationally validated Beck depression inventory (BDI), the perceived stress scale (PSS-14), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Statistical analyses involved descriptive statistics, the χ-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn-Bonferroni test, logistic regression (LR), Cramer coefficient (Cramer's V), Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (r). Based on the results, female professionals are more likely to have depressive symptoms (OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.3-5.1), perceived stress (OR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.2-4.1), and anxiety (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.0-4.1) than male professionals. Perceived stress levels decreased proportionally with increasing years spent working in healthcare (OR = 7.4, 95% CI = 7.1-8.3). Extended work shifts of 12 or 24 h increase the risk of perceived stress and anxiety in emergency care workers ( = 0.02). Customized stress management interventions are needed to mitigate the amplified mental strain associated with gender, working years, and longer shifts in the emergency care sector to sustain their mental health and well-being.
对于处于高压力水平和具有挑战性环境的职业，包括急救专业，保持心理健康至关重要。在本研究中，评估了一组救护车和医院急救护理专业人员中困扰、焦虑和抑郁的发生率（n = 202）。进行了一项横断面、定量、描述性在线调查，包括国际认可的贝克抑郁量表（BDI）、感知压力量表（PSS - 14）和状态 - 特质焦虑量表（STAI）。统计分析包括描述性统计、χ检验、曼 - 惠特尼U检验、克鲁斯卡尔 - 沃利斯检验、邓恩 - 邦费罗尼检验、逻辑回归（LR）、克莱默系数（克莱默V）、柯尔莫哥洛夫 - 斯米尔诺夫检验和斯皮尔曼等级相关系数（r）。根据结果，女性专业人员比男性专业人员更有可能出现抑郁症状（OR = 2.6，95% CI = 1.3 - 5.1）、感知压力（OR = 1.2，95% CI = 1.2 - 4.1）和焦虑（OR = 2.1，95% CI = 1.0 - 4.1）。感知压力水平随着在医疗保健领域工作年限的增加而按比例下降（OR = 7.4，95% CI = 7.1 - 8.3）。12小时或24小时的延长轮班增加了急救护理人员感知压力和焦虑的风险（p = 0.02）。需要定制压力管理干预措施，以减轻与性别、工作年限和急救护理部门较长轮班相关的加剧的精神压力，以维持他们的心理健康和幸福。
