Cho Eun Hyung, Choi Bong-Arm, Seo Yongsuk
Korea Institute of Sport Science, Seoul 01794, Republic of Korea.
Department of Physical Education, Daegu University, Daegu 38453, Republic of Korea.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Mar 2;12(5):580. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12050580.
It is essential to consider both physique and physical fitness factors to minimize the risk of injuries and optimize athletic performance among elite athletes. Athletes with disabilities face limitations in fitness assessments compared to their healthy counterparts. The aim of this study was to revalidate established cardiovascular fitness assessment methods and develop field tests for wheelchair athletes. As representatives registered at the Korea Paralympic Committee's Athletes Training Center in Icheon, athletes with physical disabilities participating in para ice hockey (n = 14), who were capable of wheelchair control, were volunteered. Prior to cardiovascular fitness assessments using an ergometer and a shuttle run, demographic characteristics were surveyed, and physical measurements and muscle strength (grip strength) were recorded. All the participants performed one ergometer test based on cardiovascular fitness criteria, and for shuttle run validation, two trials were conducted using existing audio cues (National Physical Fitness 100, 20 m shuttle run). For the development of the shuttle run, considering wheelchair turning, signal-to-sound intervals were increased by 1 s and 1.5 s, respectively, in two trials. An analysis of the correlation with the maximal oxygen consumption (VOmax) in comparison to the reference criterion, an ergometer, demonstrated high correlations in the first trial (r = 0.738) and the second trial (r = 0.780). Similarly, significant correlations were observed with the maximum heart rate (HRmax) in the first trial (r = 0.689) and the second trial (r = 0.896). Thus, the 15 m shuttle run is validated as a field test for assessing cardiovascular fitness in athletes with disabilities. Correlation analysis with maximal oxygen uptake (VOmax) compared to the reference criterion, an ergometer, revealed a correlation of 0.815 with a 1 s interval audio cue and 0.355 with a 1.5 s interval audio cue. A high correlation was observed with the 1 s interval audio cue. Regarding the maximum heart rate (HRmax), the correlations were 0.665 with a 1 s interval audio cue. Once again, a high correlation was noted with the 1 s interval audio cue. The field test selected for measuring cardiovascular fitness in wheelchair athletes involved performing a 15 m shuttle run while in the wheelchair. The test utilized an audio cue with a 1 s increased interval between the signal sounds.
为了将精英运动员受伤的风险降至最低并优化其运动表现，必须同时考虑体格和身体素质因素。与健康运动员相比，残疾运动员在体能评估方面面临限制。本研究的目的是重新验证已有的心血管适能评估方法，并为轮椅运动员开发现场测试。作为在仁川韩国残奥委员会运动员训练中心注册的代表，参与残奥冰球项目（n = 14）且能够控制轮椅的身体残疾运动员自愿参加。在使用测力计和往返跑进行心血管适能评估之前，对人口统计学特征进行了调查，并记录了身体测量数据和肌肉力量（握力）。所有参与者都根据心血管适能标准进行了一次测力计测试，为了验证往返跑，使用现有的音频提示（国民体适能100，20米往返跑）进行了两次试验。为了开发往返跑测试，考虑到轮椅转弯，在两次试验中，信号与声音的间隔分别增加了1秒和1.5秒。与参考标准测力计相比，对最大摄氧量（VOmax）的相关性分析表明，第一次试验（r = 0.738）和第二次试验（r = 0.780）的相关性较高。同样，在第一次试验（r = 0.689）和第二次试验（r = 0.896）中，与最大心率（HRmax）也观察到显著相关性。因此，15米往返跑被验证为评估残疾运动员心血管适能的现场测试。与参考标准测力计相比，与最大摄氧量（VOmax）的相关性分析显示，1秒间隔音频提示的相关性为0.815，1.5秒间隔音频提示的相关性为0.355。1秒间隔音频提示的相关性较高。关于最大心率（HRmax），1秒间隔音频提示的相关性为0.665。同样，1秒间隔音频提示的相关性也较高。为测量轮椅运动员心血管适能而选择的现场测试包括在轮椅上进行15米往返跑。该测试使用信号声音之间间隔增加1秒的音频提示。
