Gui Jia-Qun, Yang Yuan, Wang Xian-Qin, Li Yun-Wu, Yan Guang-Xuan, Xu Peng
Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Guizhou Research and Designing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2024 Mar 8;45(3):1337-1348. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202304115.
Carbonaceous aerosol, as an important component of atmospheric aerosol, has a significant impact on atmospheric environmental quality, human health, and global climate change. To investigate the characteristics and sources of carbonaceous aerosol in atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM) in Huaxi District of Guiyang, an in-situ observational study was conducted during different seasons in 2020, and the carbonaceous components of PM were measured using a thermal-optical carbon analyzer (DRI Model 2015). The results of the study showed that the average concentrations of PM, total carbonaceous aerosol (TCA), organic carbon (OC), secondary organic carbon (SOC), and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations during the observation period were (39.7±22.3), (14.1±7.2), (7.6±3.9), (4.4±2.6), and (2.0±1.0) μg·m, respectively, and the mean value of OC/EC was (3.9±0.8). (PM), (TCA), (OC), (SOC), and (EC) showed a seasonal variation pattern with the highest in winter [(52.6±28.6), (17.0±9.6), (9.1±5.2), (6.1±3.9), and (2.4±1.2) μg·m, respectively] and the lowest in summer [(25.1±7.1), (11.6±3.6), (6.3±1.9), (3.7±1.2), and (1.6±0.6) μg·m, respectively]. The seasonal variation in OC/EC showed summer (4.2±0.8) > winter (3.8±0.9) > autumn (3.8±0.5) > spring (3.7±0.9), indicating the presence of SOC generation in all seasons in Huaxi District. SOC showed a significant correlation with OC ( =0.9), and the SOC concentration tended to increase with the increase in atmospheric oxidation. OC showed a good correlation with EC in all seasons, with the highest in autumn ( =0.9) and lower correlations in the other three seasons ( ranged from 0.74 to 0.75), indicating a common source. According to OC/EC ratio range, it was preliminarily determined that carbonaceous aerosol came from vehicle exhaust emissions, coal burning emissions, and biomass combustion emissions. In order to further quantify the contribution of major emission sources to carbonaceous aerosol, the results of this study using PMF to analyze the sources of carbonaceous aerosol showed that the main sources of carbonaceous aerosol in Huaxi District of Guiyang were coal combustion sources (29.3%), motor vehicle emission sources (21.5%), and biomass combustion sources (49.2%).
碳质气溶胶作为大气气溶胶的重要组成部分，对大气环境质量、人类健康和全球气候变化有着重大影响。为了研究贵阳市花溪区大气细颗粒物（PM）中碳质气溶胶的特征和来源，于2020年不同季节进行了实地观测研究，并使用热光碳分析仪（DRI Model 2015）测量了PM的碳质成分。研究结果表明，观测期间PM、总碳质气溶胶（TCA）、有机碳（OC）、二次有机碳（SOC）和元素碳（EC）的平均浓度分别为（39.7±22.3）、（14.1±7.2）、（7.6±3.9）、（4.4±2.6）和（2.0±1.0）μg·m ，OC/EC的平均值为（3.9±0.8）。（PM）、（TCA）、（OC）、（SOC）和（EC）呈现出季节性变化模式，冬季最高[分别为（52.6±28.6）、（17.0±9.6）、（9.1±5.2）、（6.1±3.9）和（2.4±1.2）μg·m ]，夏季最低[分别为（25.1±7.1）、（11.6±3.6）、（6.3±1.9）、（3.7±1.2）和（1.6±0.6）μg·m ]。OC/EC的季节性变化表现为夏季（4.2±0.8）＞冬季（3.8±0.9）＞秋季（3.8±0.5）＞春季（3.7±0.9），表明花溪区四季均有SOC生成。SOC与OC呈显著相关（ =0.9），且SOC浓度随大气氧化性增强而升高。OC在四季均与EC具有良好的相关性，秋季最高（ =0.9），其他三个季节相关性较低（ 范围为0.74至0.75），表明存在共同来源。根据OC/EC比值范围，初步判定碳质气溶胶来自机动车尾气排放、燃煤排放和生物质燃烧排放。为了进一步量化主要排放源对碳质气溶胶的贡献，本研究采用PMF分析碳质气溶胶来源的结果表明，贵阳市花溪区碳质气溶胶的主要来源为燃煤源（29.3%）、机动车排放源（21.5%）和生物质燃烧源（49.2%）。
