Zhang Ran, Liu Zhonghui, Jiang Dabang, Yu Yongqiang, Zhang Zhongshi, Yang Yibo, Tan Ning, Si Dong, Zhang Qiang, Zhou Xin
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Sci Bull (Beijing). 2024 May 15;69(9):1323-1331. doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.02.028. Epub 2024 Feb 23.
The Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP) is crucial for regional and global climates. However, the development of the IPWP and its effect on the regional climate during the Cenozoic remain unclear. Here, using a compilation of sea surface temperature (SST) records (mainly since the middle Miocene) and multimodel paleoclimate simulations, our results indicated that the extent, intensity and warmest temperature position of the IPWP changed markedly during the Cenozoic. Specifically, its extent decreased, its intensity weakened, and its warmest temperature position shifted from the Indian to western Pacific Ocean over time. The atmospheric CO dominated its extent and intensity, while paleogeography, by restricting the distribution of the Indian Ocean and the width of the tropical seaways, controlled the shift in its warmest temperature position. In particular, the eastward shift to the western Pacific Ocean from the middle to late Miocene inferred from compiled SST records likely resulted from the constriction of tropical seaways. Furthermore, by changing the atmospheric thermal structure and atmospheric circulation, the reduced extent and intensity of the IPWP decreased the annual precipitation in the western Indian Ocean, eastern Asia and Australia, while the shift in the warmest temperature position from the Indian to western Pacific Ocean promoted aridification in Australia. Qualitative model-data agreements are obtained for both the IPWP SST and regional climate. From the perspective of past warm climates with high concentrations of atmospheric CO, the expansion and strengthening of the IPWP will occur in a warmer future and favor excessive precipitation in eastern Asia and Australia.
印太暖池（IPWP）对区域和全球气候至关重要。然而，新生代期间印太暖池的发展及其对区域气候的影响仍不清楚。在此，利用海面温度（SST）记录汇编（主要从中中新世开始）和多模式古气候模拟，我们的结果表明，新生代期间印太暖池的范围、强度和最暖温度位置发生了显著变化。具体而言，其范围缩小，强度减弱，最暖温度位置随时间从印度洋向西太平洋转移。大气中的二氧化碳主导了其范围和强度，而古地理通过限制印度洋的分布和热带海道的宽度，控制了其最暖温度位置的转移。特别是，根据汇编的SST记录推断，从中中新世到晚中新世向西太平洋的东移可能是由于热带海道变窄所致。此外，通过改变大气热结构和大气环流，印太暖池范围和强度的减小降低了印度洋西部、东亚和澳大利亚的年降水量，而最暖温度位置从印度洋向西太平洋的转移促进了澳大利亚的干旱化。在印太暖池SST和区域气候方面都获得了定性的模型-数据一致性。从过去大气二氧化碳浓度高的温暖气候的角度来看，印太暖池的扩张和加强将在未来更温暖的气候中出现，并有利于东亚和澳大利亚的过多降水。
