Picanço Filho Marcelo Coutinho, Lima Eraldo, Carmo Daiane das Graças do, Pallini Angelo, Walerius Adriana Helena, da Silva Ricardo Siqueira, Sant'Ana Letícia Caroline da Silva, Lopes Pedro Henrique Queiroz, Picanço Marcelo Coutinho
Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil.
Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Feb 21;13(5):585. doi: 10.3390/plants13050585.
(Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) is one of the main pests in coffee crops. The economic injury level (EIL) is the lowest density of the pest at which economic damages match the costs of control measures. The economic threshold (ET) is the density of the pest at which control measures must be taken so that this population does not reach the EIL. These are the main indices used for pest control decision-making. Control of is carried out by manual, tractor, airplane or drone applications. This work aimed to determine EILs and ETs for as a function of insecticide application technology in conventional and organic crops. Data were collected over five years in commercial crops on seven 100 ha central pivots. The cost of control in organic crops was 16.98% higher than conventional. The decreasing order of control cost was manual > drone > airplane > tractor application. Coffee plants were tolerant to low densities (up to 15% mined leaves) of the pest that caused losses of up to 6.56%. At high pest densities (54.20% mined leaves), losses were high (85.62%). In organic and conventional crops and with the use of different insecticide application technologies, EIL and ET were similar. The EIL and ET were 14% and 11% of mined leaves, respectively. Therefore, these indices can be incorporated in integrated pest management programs in crops. The indices determined as a function of insecticide application technology in organic and conventional coffee are important as they serve producers with different technological levels. Additionally, EILs and ETs can contribute to more sustainable production, as control methods will only be employed when the pest density reaches these indices.
（鳞翅目：麦蛾科）是咖啡作物的主要害虫之一。经济损害水平（EIL）是害虫的最低密度，在该密度下经济损害与控制措施成本相匹配。经济阈值（ET）是必须采取控制措施以使该种群不达到经济损害水平时害虫的密度。这些是用于害虫控制决策的主要指标。对（该害虫）的防治通过人工、拖拉机、飞机或无人机施药来进行。这项工作旨在确定常规和有机咖啡作物中作为杀虫剂施药技术函数的（该害虫的）经济损害水平和经济阈值。在七个100公顷的中心支轴式灌溉的商业化咖啡作物上收集了五年的数据。有机作物的防治成本比常规作物高16.98%。防治成本从高到低的顺序为人工施药＞无人机施药＞飞机施药＞拖拉机施药。咖啡植株对低密度（高达15%的叶片被蛀）的该害虫具有耐受性，此时造成的损失高达6.56%。在害虫高密度（54.20%的叶片被蛀）时，损失很高（85.62%）。在有机和常规作物中以及使用不同的杀虫剂施药技术时，经济损害水平和经济阈值相似。经济损害水平和经济阈值分别为14%和11%的被蛀叶片。因此，这些指标可纳入咖啡作物的综合害虫管理计划中。根据有机和常规咖啡中的杀虫剂施药技术确定的这些指标很重要，因为它们为不同技术水平的生产者提供了帮助。此外，经济损害水平和经济阈值有助于实现更可持续的生产，因为只有当害虫密度达到这些指标时才会采用控制方法。
