Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Campus Rio Paranaíba, MG230, Km08, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais 38810-000, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Glória, Uberlândia 38410-337, Brazil.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Sep 1;242:113831. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113831. Epub 2022 Jul 6.
A better understanding of fitness costs and insecticide resistance reversion has practical applications for improving resistance management approaches. The coffee leaf miner, Leucoptera coffeella, is one of the most important coffee pests worldwide. Chlorpyrifos is still used to control L. coffeella despite studies showing resistance in this pest. The current study investigated the fitness costs and reversion of resistance to chlorpyrifos in L. coffeella populations in coffee. The control failure of this insecticide was evaluated in 15 field populations. Selection of resistant and susceptible L. coffeella (G1-G10), with and without chlorpyrifos exposure, was evaluated. The following parameters were investigated: consumed leaf area, adult longevity, number of eggs per female, and egg viability. The present study showed control failures of chlorpyrifos and low (< 31-folds) to high levels (> 80-folds) of resistance in all field populations tested. The resistant population showed less fitness than the susceptible population. The fitness of the resistant population decreased significantly after 10 generations of chlorpyrifos selection. Specifically, the number of eggs per female, larvae hatched, and adult longevity were reduced by factors of 5, 2.3 and 3, respectively. Furthermore, the chlorpyrifos-resistant L. coffeella population consumed more than the susceptible population. Therefore, we concluded that non-exposing L. coffeella populations to chlorpyrifos insecticide leads to rapid reversion of resistance and susceptibility. In addition, resistant populations show reduced reproductive fitness and longevity, while consuming more, probably to meet greater metabolic demands.
更好地理解适合度成本和杀虫剂抗性回复对于改进抗性管理方法具有实际应用价值。咖啡潜叶蛾（Leucoptera coffeella）是世界上最重要的咖啡害虫之一。尽管研究表明这种害虫已经对氯菊酯产生了抗性，但仍在使用氯菊酯来控制它。本研究调查了咖啡中咖啡潜叶蛾种群对氯菊酯的适合度成本和抗性回复。评估了该杀虫剂在 15 个田间种群中的控制失败情况。选择具有和不具有氯菊酯暴露的抗性和敏感的咖啡潜叶蛾（G1-G10）进行评估。研究了以下参数：消耗的叶面积、成虫寿命、每雌产卵数和卵活力。本研究表明，所有测试的田间种群都对氯菊酯产生了控制失败，并且抗性水平低（<31 倍）到高（>80 倍）。抗性种群的适合度低于敏感种群。在经过 10 代氯菊酯选择后，抗性种群的适合度显著下降。具体来说，每雌产卵数、幼虫孵化数和成虫寿命分别减少了 5 倍、2.3 倍和 3 倍。此外，氯菊酯抗性的咖啡潜叶蛾种群比敏感种群消耗的更多。因此，我们得出结论，不使咖啡潜叶蛾种群接触氯菊酯杀虫剂会导致抗性和敏感性迅速回复。此外，抗性种群表现出降低的繁殖适合度和寿命，同时消耗更多，可能是为了满足更高的代谢需求。
