Wang Yue, Wang Junzhuan, Tian Ruijuan, Zheng Jiapeng, Shao Lei, Liu Bo, Wang Fengqiu, Gan Xuetao, Shi Yi, Wang Xiaomu
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology, School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China.
Research (Wash D C). 2024 Mar 11;7:0329. doi: 10.34133/research.0329. eCollection 2024.
Integrated 2-dimensional (2D) photonic devices such as monolayer waveguide has generated exceptional interest because of their ultimate thinness. In particular, they potentially permit stereo photonic architecture through bond-free van der Waals integration. However, little is known about the coupling and controlling of the single-atom guided wave to its photonic environment, which governs the design and application of integrated system. Here, we report the optical coupling of atomically guided waves to other photonic modes. We directly probe the mode beating between evanescent waves in a monolayer 2D waveguide and a silicon photonic waveguide, which constitutes a vertically integrated interferometer. The mode-coupling measures the dispersion relation of the guided wave inside the atomic waveguide and unveils it strongly modifies matter's electronic states, manifesting by the formation of a propagating polariton. We also demonstrated light modulating and spectral detecting in this compact nonplanar interferometer. These findings provide a generalizable and versatile platform toward monolithic 3-dimensional integrated photonics.
诸如单层波导之类的集成二维（2D）光子器件因其极致的薄度而引发了极大的关注。特别是，它们有可能通过无键范德华集成实现立体光子架构。然而，对于单原子导波与其光子环境的耦合与控制，人们了解甚少，而这决定着集成系统的设计与应用。在此，我们报告了原子导波与其他光子模式的光学耦合。我们直接探测了单层二维波导中的倏逝波与硅光子波导之间的模式拍频，这构成了一个垂直集成的干涉仪。模式耦合测量了原子波导内导波的色散关系，并揭示其强烈地改变了物质的电子态，表现为传播极化激元的形成。我们还在这个紧凑的非平面干涉仪中展示了光调制和光谱检测。这些发现为单片三维集成光子学提供了一个可推广且通用的平台。
