Ozdemir Ercan
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
Med Int (Lond). 2024 Feb 27;4(2):20. doi: 10.3892/mi.2024.144. eCollection 2024 Mar-Apr.
Epilepsy is a complex and common neurological disorder characterized by spontaneous and recurrent seizures, affecting ~75 million individuals worldwide. Numerous studies have been conducted to develop new pharmacological drugs for the effective treatment of epilepsy. In recent years, numerous experimental and clinical studies have focused on the role of the adrenergic receptor (AR) system in the regulation of epileptogenesis, seizure susceptibility and convulsions. α-ARs (α, α and α), α-ARs (α, α and α) and β-ARs (β, β and β), known to have convulsant or anticonvulsant effects, have been isolated. Norepinephrine (NE), the key endogenous agonist of ARs, is considered to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of epileptic seizures. However, the effects of NE on different ARs have not been fully elucidated. Although the activation of some AR subtypes produces conflicting results, the activation of α, α and β receptor subtypes, in particular, produces anticonvulsant effects. The present review focuses on NE and ARs involved in epileptic seizure formation and discusses therapeutic approaches.
癫痫是一种复杂且常见的神经系统疾病，其特征为自发性和复发性癫痫发作，全球约有7500万人受其影响。人们已经开展了大量研究来开发用于有效治疗癫痫的新型药物。近年来，众多实验和临床研究聚焦于肾上腺素能受体（AR）系统在癫痫发生、癫痫易感性和惊厥调节中的作用。已知具有惊厥或抗惊厥作用的α-ARs（α1、α2和α3）、α-ARs（α4、α5和α6）和β-ARs（β1、β2和β3）已被分离出来。去甲肾上腺素（NE）是ARs的关键内源性激动剂，被认为在癫痫发作的病理生理学中起关键作用。然而，NE对不同ARs的作用尚未完全阐明。尽管某些AR亚型的激活会产生相互矛盾的结果，但特别是α1、α2和β2受体亚型的激活会产生抗惊厥作用。本综述聚焦于参与癫痫发作形成的NE和ARs，并讨论治疗方法。
