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大树需要深根:评估美国食品药品监督管理局加速批准计划拟议改革背后的数据与委托原则。

Great Trees Require Strong Roots: Evaluating Data and Delegation Doctrine Underlying Proposed Reforms to FDA's Accelerated Approval Program.

作者信息

Deshmukh Anjali D

机构信息

GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY, ATLANTA, GA, USA.

出版信息

J Law Med Ethics. 2023;51(4):920-925. doi: 10.1017/jme.2024.4. Epub 2024 Mar 13.

DOI:10.1017/jme.2024.4
PMID:38477271
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10937175/
Abstract

In "Missing the Forest for the Trees: Aduhelm, Accelerated Approvals & the Agency," Dr. Matthew Herder argues that agency capture and politicized discretion drive delays in confirmatory trials of accelerated approval drugs amongst other concerns at US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In highlighting this important problem and offering nuanced insight into agency workings based in part on interviews with twenty-three unnamed FDA officials and a three-drug case study, Dr. Herder suggests two innovative solutions. However, amidst broader debates balancing agency expertise, data, and delegation, these proposed policy solutions would benefit from more corroborative evidence and consideration of institutional advantages within constitutional limits.

摘要

在《只见树木不见森林:阿杜卡努单抗、加速批准与监管机构》一文中,马修·赫德博士认为,在美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA),机构俘获和政治化自由裁量权导致了加速批准药物的确证性试验延迟,这只是诸多问题中的一部分。赫德博士强调了这一重要问题,并通过对23名未具名的FDA官员进行访谈以及一项三药案例研究,对监管机构的运作提供了细致入微的见解,他还提出了两种创新解决方案。然而,在围绕监管机构专业知识、数据和授权进行的更广泛辩论中,这些提议的政策解决方案若能有更多确证性证据,并在宪法限制范围内考虑制度优势,将会更有益处。

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本文引用的文献

1
Aducanumab, Accelerated Approvals & the Agency: Why the FDA Needs Structural Reform.阿杜卡奴单抗、加速审批与机构:为何 FDA 需要结构改革。
J Law Med Ethics. 2023;51(4):900-919. doi: 10.1017/jme.2024.20. Epub 2024 Mar 13.
2
Timing of Confirmatory Trials for Drugs Granted Accelerated Approval Based on Surrogate Measures From 2012 to 2021.2012年至2021年基于替代指标获批加速批准药物的确证性试验时间安排
JAMA Health Forum. 2023 Mar 3;4(3):e230217. doi: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.0217.
3
The FDA and the Clinical Community.美国食品药品监督管理局与临床界
JAMA. 2022 Sep 20;328(11):1043-1044. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.15243.
4
The Prescription Drug User Fee Act: Much More Than User Fees.《处方药使用者付费法案》:不仅仅是使用者付费。
Med Care. 2022 Apr 1;60(4):287-293. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000001692.
5
The limits of acceptable political influence over the FDA.美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)可接受的政治影响限度。
Nat Med. 2021 Feb;27(2):188-190. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-01200-w.
6
Speed, Safety, and Industry Funding - From PDUFA I to PDUFA VI.速度、安全性与行业资助——从处方药用户收费法案I到处方药用户收费法案VI
N Engl J Med. 2017 Dec 7;377(23):2278-2286. doi: 10.1056/NEJMhle1710706.
7
The complications of controlling agency time discretion: FDA review deadlines and postmarket drug safety.控制机构时间裁量权的复杂性:FDA 审查截止日期和上市后药物安全性。
Am J Pol Sci. 2012;56(1):98-114. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-5907.2011.00544.x.