Department of Spinal Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410001, P.R. China.
Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410001, P.R. China.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2024 Mar 13;25(1):214. doi: 10.1186/s12891-024-07337-w.
BACKGROUND: Intervertebral disc degeneration and sarcopenia are both age-related diseases without effective treatments. Their comorbidities may worsen the prognosis, and further studies on interaction and therapy are needed. The purpose of the study was to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia in intervertebral disc degeneration, and to compare the characteristics of intervertebral disc degeneration with and without sarcopenia and effects of interferential current. METHODS: One hundred twenty disc degeneration patients were included from 2021 to 2022 in a single institute. Medical records, examination results and radiological reports were reviewed. Patients with sarcopenia were screened and grouped according to Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. VAS, ODI, SARC-F, SMI, gait speed (GS), grip strength, disc Pfirrmann grading, standard cross-sectional area (SCSA), degree of fatty infiltration (DFF), and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) were assessed before and after treatment. RESULTS: The prevalence of sarcopenia in intervertebral disc degeneration was 28.3%. The difference of VAS, ODI, disc Pfirrmann grading, SCSA, DFF and NCV between two groups were significant before intervention (P < 0.05), SCSA and DFF were related to the degree of disc degeneration. The improvement of SMI, GS, grip strength, VAS, SARC-F and ODI in intervertebral disc degeneration with sarcopenia group was significant after intervention, as well as SMI, GS, grip strength, VAS and ODI in those without sarcopenia (P < 0.05). The improvement of grip strength, GS, ODI and SARC-F in intervertebral disc degeneration with sarcopenia group were greater than the one without sarcopenia (P < 0.05), whereas there was no significance in improvement degree of other indicators between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of sarcopenia was high in intervertebral disc degeneration, and paravertebral muscles degeneration correlated with the degree of disc degeneration. Compared to those without sarcopenia, intervertebral disc degeneration patients with sarcopenia have more severe pain, poorer mobility and neurological function. Interferential current is effective in intervertebral disc degeneration patients and sarcopenia patients.
背景：椎间盘退变和肌肉减少症都是与年龄相关的疾病，目前尚无有效的治疗方法。这两种疾病的合并症可能会使预后恶化，需要进一步研究其相互作用和治疗方法。本研究的目的是探讨椎间盘退变患者中肌肉减少症的患病率，并比较伴发和不伴发肌肉减少症的椎间盘退变的特征以及干扰电流的疗效。
方法：本研究纳入了 2021 年至 2022 年期间的 120 名椎间盘退变患者，对其病历、检查结果和影像学报告进行了回顾性分析。根据 2019 年亚洲肌肉减少症工作组的标准，对患者进行了肌肉减少症的筛查和分组。评估了治疗前后的视觉模拟评分（VAS）、Oswestry 功能障碍指数（ODI）、肌肉减少症快速筛查工具（SARC-F）、骨骼肌指数（SMI）、步态速度（GS）、握力、椎间盘 Pfirrmann 分级、标准横截面积（SCSA）、脂肪浸润程度（DFF）和神经传导速度（NCV）。
结果：椎间盘退变患者中肌肉减少症的患病率为 28.3%。干预前，两组间 VAS、ODI、椎间盘 Pfirrmann 分级、SCSA、DFF 和 NCV 的差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05），SCSA 和 DFF 与椎间盘退变程度相关。伴发肌肉减少症的椎间盘退变患者在接受干预治疗后 SMI、GS、握力、VAS、SARC-F 和 ODI 等指标的改善程度显著，不伴发肌肉减少症的患者也有类似的改善（P<0.05）。伴发肌肉减少症的椎间盘退变患者的握力、GS、ODI 和 SARC-F 等指标的改善程度大于不伴发肌肉减少症的患者（P<0.05），而两组其他指标的改善程度无显著差异（P>0.05）。
结论：椎间盘退变患者中肌肉减少症的患病率较高，椎旁肌肉退变与椎间盘退变程度相关。与不伴发肌肉减少症的患者相比，伴发肌肉减少症的椎间盘退变患者疼痛更严重，活动能力和神经功能更差。干扰电流对椎间盘退变患者和肌肉减少症患者均有效。
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