Varshney Deepika, Singh Shoor Vir, Mohanty Keshar Kunja, Kumar Santosh, Varshney Nitin, Sinha Ekata, Barik Sushanta Kumar
ICMR-National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Jan 24;14:1305974. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1305974. eCollection 2023.
The objective of this study is to analyze the association between and gene polymorphism with drug resistant tuberculosis (PTB, MDR-TB, and XDR-TB) in a population from Agra, Uttar Pradesh.
The present case-control study included 101 pulmonary TB patients, 104 multidrug-resistant TB patients, 48 extremely drug-resistant TB patients, and 130 healthy and unrelated controls residing in the same locality. The genotyping method for was carried out by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and gene polymorphism was performed by hybridization probe chemistry in Roche Real-Time PCR. Genotype and allele frequencies were analyzed by the chi-square test. Cytokine levels were measured by ELISA and compared using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests.
The frequency of heterozygous () genotypes for polymorphism was predominant in XDR-TB patients (0.57), whereas heterozygous A/G genotype for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was predominant in healthy controls (0.57) for gene polymorphism. The heterozygous genotype of polymorphism was found to be significantly higher in XDR-TB ( = 0.0001). SNP, AG genotypes were found to be significantly associated with healthy controls than PTB ( = 0.047). The level of serum cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) was also found to be significantly different among TB patients and healthy controls.
The findings suggested that in the present population, the heterozygous () genotype and deletion allele of polymorphism are associated with the risk for the development of drug-resistant TB. Furthermore, for gene polymorphism, A/G genotype, and G allele are found associated with healthy controls, suggesting the protective role against TB.
本研究旨在分析印度北方邦阿格拉人群中[具体基因名称1]和[具体基因名称2]基因多态性与耐药结核病（肺结核、耐多药结核病和广泛耐药结核病）之间的关联。
本病例对照研究纳入了101例肺结核患者、104例耐多药结核病患者、48例广泛耐药结核病患者以及130名居住在同一地区的健康非亲属对照。[具体基因名称1]的基因分型方法采用等位基因特异性聚合酶链反应（PCR），[具体基因名称2]基因多态性通过罗氏实时PCR中的杂交探针化学方法进行检测。基因型和等位基因频率采用卡方检验进行分析。细胞因子水平通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）进行测量，并使用曼-惠特尼检验和克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验进行比较。
[具体基因名称1]多态性的杂合子（[具体基因型1]）基因型频率在广泛耐药结核病患者中占主导（0.57），而[具体基因名称2]基因多态性中，单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的杂合子A/G基因型在健康对照中占主导（0.57）。发现[具体基因名称1]多态性的杂合子基因型在广泛耐药结核病中显著更高（P = 0.00[具体数值1]）。[具体基因名称2] SNP的AG基因型与健康对照的关联显著高于肺结核（P = 0.047）。在结核病患者和健康对照中，血清细胞因子（白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α和干扰素-γ）水平也存在显著差异。
研究结果表明，在本研究人群中，[具体基因名称1]多态性的杂合子（[具体基因型1]）基因型和缺失等位基因与耐药结核病的发生风险相关。此外，对于[具体基因名称2]基因多态性，A/G基因型和G等位基因与健康对照相关，表明其对结核病具有保护作用。
