Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Writing Lab, Institute for the Future of Education, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
J Adolesc Health. 2024 Jun;74(6):1164-1174. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.01.026. Epub 2024 Mar 13.
Early school start times could adversely impact adolescent sleep duration. They could also impact other behaviors like diet and physical activity, either directly or indirectly through effects on sleep. We examined whether the double school shift system was associated with sleep, diet, and physical activity behaviors among Mexican adolescents.
The analytic sample included 305 Mexican adolescents from a cohort study (on average 14.53 ± 1.75 years old and 51% male). Sleep and physical activity were measured with wrist actigraphy, while diet and other lifestyle behaviors were assessed with questionnaires. Regression analyses were conducted to compare lifestyle behaviors between the morning and afternoon school shifts, adjusting for potential confounders.
Adolescents attending the morning school shift (44%) had pronounced differences in sleep compared to those attending afternoon shift, including a 1.77-hour shorter sleep duration on weekdays (95% CI -1.55, -2.00), a 0.40-hour longer sleep duration on weekends (95% CI 0.10, 0.70), higher social jetlag (1.07 hours with a 95% CI of 0.87, 1.27), and an earlier chronotype. Morning shift students also had 0.85 hours longer sedentary time (95% CI 0.61, 1.10) and higher consumption of a meat and starchy food dietary pattern. Among boys only, morning shift was associated with a lower likelihood of smoking and higher consumption of a breakfast pattern.
Overall, attending a morning school shift was associated with shorter sleep, more social jetlag, greater sedentary time, and higher consumption of a meat and starchy diet. However, among boys, a few healthier behaviors were observed for the morning versus afternoon shift.
上学时间过早可能会对青少年的睡眠时间产生不利影响。它们还可能通过对睡眠的影响，直接或间接地影响饮食和体育活动等行为。我们研究了墨西哥青少年中双班制是否与睡眠、饮食和体育活动行为有关。
分析样本包括一项队列研究中的 305 名墨西哥青少年（平均年龄为 14.53±1.75 岁，51%为男性）。睡眠和体育活动通过腕动仪测量，而饮食和其他生活方式行为通过问卷评估。回归分析用于比较上午和下午上课时间的生活方式行为，同时调整潜在的混杂因素。
上上午班的青少年（44%）与上下午班的青少年相比，在睡眠方面存在明显差异，包括工作日睡眠时间缩短 1.77 小时（95%置信区间 -1.55，-2.00），周末睡眠时间延长 0.40 小时（95%置信区间 0.10，0.70），社交时差更大（1.07 小时，95%置信区间 0.87，1.27），并且早睡型。上午班学生的久坐时间也长 0.85 小时（95%置信区间 0.61，1.10），肉类和淀粉类食物的饮食模式消耗更多。仅在男孩中，上午班与吸烟可能性降低和早餐模式消耗增加有关。
总体而言，上上午班与睡眠时间更短、社交时差更大、久坐时间更长以及肉类和淀粉类食物消耗更多有关。然而，在男孩中，上午班比下午班表现出一些更健康的行为。
