Vizcarra Velia S, Fame Ryann M, Hablitz Lauren M
Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, NY (V.S.V., L.M.H.).
Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA (R.M.F.).
Circ Res. 2024 Mar 15;134(6):711-726. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.123.323516. Epub 2024 Mar 14.
The brain is a complex organ, fundamentally changing across the day to perform basic functions like sleep, thought, and regulating whole-body physiology. This requires a complex symphony of nutrients, hormones, ions, neurotransmitters and more to be properly distributed across the brain to maintain homeostasis throughout 24 hours. These solutes are distributed both by the blood and by cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid contents are distinct from the general circulation because of regulation at brain barriers including the choroid plexus, glymphatic system, and blood-brain barrier. In this review, we discuss the overlapping circadian (≈24-hour) rhythms in brain fluid biology and at the brain barriers. Our goal is for the reader to gain both a fundamental understanding of brain barriers alongside an understanding of the interactions between these fluids and the circadian timing system. Ultimately, this review will provide new insight into how alterations in these finely tuned clocks may lead to pathology.
大脑是一个复杂的器官，在一天中会发生根本性的变化，以执行诸如睡眠、思考和调节全身生理机能等基本功能。这需要营养物质、激素、离子、神经递质等多种物质进行复杂的协同作用，以便在大脑中合理分布，从而在24小时内维持体内平衡。这些溶质通过血液和脑脊液进行分布。由于包括脉络丛、类淋巴系统和血脑屏障在内的脑屏障的调节作用，脑脊液的成分与全身循环不同。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了脑液生物学和脑屏障中重叠的昼夜节律（约24小时）。我们的目标是让读者在深入了解脑屏障的同时，理解这些液体与昼夜节律系统之间的相互作用。最终，这篇综述将为这些精细调节的生物钟的改变如何导致病理状况提供新的见解。
