Yan Yuntao, Zhu Xiaoya, Qi Hui, Zhang Haiqing, He Jiwai
College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 420128, China.
Hunan Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Science and Space Breeding, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Mar 3;10(5):e27139. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27139. eCollection 2024 Mar 15.
With the sharp increase of the global population, adequate food supply is a great challenge. Grain size is an essential determinant of rice yield and quality. It is a typical quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. In this paper, we summarized the quantitative trait loci (QTL) that have been molecularly characterized and provided a comprehensive summary of the regulation mechanism and genetic pathways of rice grain size. These pathways include the ubiquitin-proteasome system, G-protein, mitogen-activated protein kinase, phytohormone, transcriptional factors, abiotic stress. In addition, we discuss the possible application of advanced molecular biology methods and reasonable breeding strategies, and prospective on the development of high-yielding and high-quality rice varieties using molecular biology techniques.
随着全球人口的急剧增加，充足的粮食供应是一项巨大挑战。粒重是水稻产量和品质的重要决定因素。它是一个由多个基因控制的典型数量性状。本文总结了已进行分子表征的数量性状位点（QTL），并对水稻粒重的调控机制和遗传途径进行了全面综述。这些途径包括泛素-蛋白酶体系统、G蛋白、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶、植物激素、转录因子、非生物胁迫。此外，我们讨论了先进分子生物学方法和合理育种策略的可能应用，并展望了利用分子生物学技术培育高产优质水稻品种的发展前景。
