Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2024 Mar 3;50(2):252-260. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2309336. Epub 2024 Mar 15.
Information on recent alcohol-related non-fatal motor vehicle crash (MVC) injuries is limited. To analyze alcohol-related non-fatal MVC injuries, 2019-2022, considering COVID-19 and Stay-at-Home policies. State-level counts of alcohol-related non-fatal MVC injuries (involving individuals age 15+) from Emergency Medical Services data in 18 US states, chosen for comprehensive coverage, were analyzed for the annual rate. The total non-fatal MVC injury count in each state served as the denominator. We used analysis of variance to evaluate annual rate changes from 2019 to 2022 and used robust Poisson regression to compare annual mean rates to the 2019 baseline, pre-pandemic, excluding Quarter 1 due to COVID-19's onset in Quarter 2. Additional Poisson models compared rate changes by 2020 Stay-at-Home policies. Data from 18 states were utilized ( = 1,487,626, 49.5% male). When evaluating rate changes of alcohol-related non-fatal MVC injuries from period 1 (Q2-4 2019) through period 4 (Q2-4 2022), the rate significantly increased from period 1 (2019) to period 2 (2020) by 0.024 ( = .003), then decreased from period 2 to period 4 (2022) by 0.016 ( = .04). Compared to the baseline (period 1), the rate in period 2 was 1.27 times higher. States with a 2020 Stay-at-Home policy, compared to those without, had a 30% lower rate ( = .05) of alcohol-related non-fatal MVC injuries. States with partial and mandatory Stay-at-Home policies had a 5.2% ( = .01) and 10.5% ( < .001) annual rate decrease, respectively. Alcohol-related non-fatal MVC injury rates increased initially (2019-2020) but decreased thereafter (2020-2022). Stay-at-home policies effectively reduced these rates.
有关近期与酒精相关的非致命性机动车碰撞（MVC）伤害的信息有限。为了分析与酒精相关的非致命性 MVC 伤害，考虑到 COVID-19 和居家政策，我们分析了 2019 年至 2022 年来自美国 18 个州的紧急医疗服务数据中与酒精相关的非致命性 MVC 伤害（涉及年龄在 15 岁以上的个体）的国家数据。我们使用方差分析评估了 2019 年至 2022 年的年度变化率，并使用稳健泊松回归来比较每年的平均比率与 2019 年的基线（大流行前），排除由于 COVID-19 在第 2 季度爆发而导致的第 1 季度。其他泊松模型比较了 2020 年居家政策的变化率。利用了来自 18 个州的数据（ = 1,487,626，49.5%为男性）。当评估从第 1 期（2019 年第 2-4 季度）到第 4 期（2022 年第 2-4 季度）期间与酒精相关的非致命性 MVC 伤害的变化率时，该比率从第 1 期（2019 年）到第 2 期（2020 年）显著增加了 0.024（ = 0.003），然后从第 2 期到第 4 期（2022 年）减少了 0.016（ = 0.04）。与基线（第 1 期）相比，第 2 期的比率高出 1.27 倍。与没有居家政策的州相比，有居家政策的州的与酒精相关的非致命性 MVC 伤害发生率降低了 30%（ = 0.05）。部分和强制实施居家政策的州的年下降率分别为 5.2%（ = 0.01）和 10.5%（ < 0.001）。与酒精相关的非致命性 MVC 伤害发生率最初增加（2019-2020 年），但随后（2020-2022 年）下降。居家政策有效地降低了这些比率。
