Department of Cardiology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea.
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Goryeodae-Ro 73, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2024 Mar 15;14(1):6306. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-57058-2.
Early identification of women at high risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), with subsequent monitoring, will allow for improved clinical outcomes and generally better quality of life. This study aimed to identify the associations between early menopause, abnormal diastolic function, and clinical outcomes. This retrospective study included 795 menopausal women from is a nationwide, multicenter, registry of patients with suspected angina visiting outpatient clinic. The patients into two groups: early and normal menopause (menopausal age ≤ 45 and > 45 years, respectively). If participants met > 50% of the diastolic function criteria, they were classified as having normal diastolic function. Multivariable-adjusted Cox models were used to test associations between menopausal age and clinical outcomes including the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), over a median follow-up period of 771 days. Early menopause was associated with increased waist circumference (p = 0.001), diabetes prevalence (p = 0.003), obstructive coronary artery disease (p = 0.005), abnormal diastolic function (p = 0.003) and greater incidences of MACE, acute coronary syndrome, and hospitalization for heart failure. In patients with abnormal diastolic function, early menopause increased MACE risk significantly, with no significant difference in normal diastolic function. These findings highlight early menopause and abnormal diastolic function as being potential risk markers in women for midlife CVD events.
早期识别心血管疾病(CVD)高危女性,并进行后续监测,将改善临床结局和整体生活质量。本研究旨在探讨早期绝经、舒张功能异常与临床结局之间的关系。这项回顾性研究纳入了来自全国多中心门诊疑似心绞痛患者注册登记处的 795 名绝经后女性。患者分为两组:早期绝经和正常绝经(绝经年龄分别为≤45 岁和>45 岁)。如果参与者舒张功能标准>50%,则分类为舒张功能正常。采用多变量调整 Cox 模型检验绝经年龄与临床结局(包括主要不良心血管事件[MACE]发生率)之间的关联,中位随访时间为 771 天。早期绝经与腰围增加(p=0.001)、糖尿病患病率(p=0.003)、阻塞性冠状动脉疾病(p=0.005)、舒张功能异常(p=0.003)以及 MACE、急性冠状动脉综合征和心力衰竭住院的发生率增加有关。在舒张功能异常的患者中,早期绝经显著增加了 MACE 风险,而在舒张功能正常的患者中则无显著差异。这些发现强调了早期绝经和舒张功能异常是女性中年 CVD 事件的潜在风险标志物。