Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2024 Apr;347:116765. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116765. Epub 2024 Mar 12.
Although the association between objective markers of low socioeconomic status (SES) and poor health is well established, one underexamined possibility is that over and above objective SES, social class stigma-experiences and anticipation of discrimination based on social class-might undermine people's ability to engage in healthy behaviors. Participants (N = 2022) were recruited between December 2019 and January 2020 via a national Qualtrics panel that was census-matched to the U.S. population in age, gender, income, race/ethnicity, and census region. Participants completed measures of class stigma, alcohol use, disordered eating, comfort eating, sleep disturbance, physical activity, and demographics. Controlling for objective SES and demographics, generalized linear regression models indicated that class stigma was associated with significantly greater alcohol use, disordered eating, greater comfort eating, and sleep disturbance but not less physical activity. Class stigma was not associated with health behaviors after full adjustment for weight/racial discrimination and psychological factors. Results from this investigation suggest that beyond one's objective SES, the stigma associated with having low class may also contribute to poorer health behaviors.
虽然客观的社会经济地位（SES）指标与健康状况不佳之间的关联已得到充分证实，但一个尚未得到充分研究的可能性是，除了客观的 SES 之外，社会阶层污名——基于社会阶层的经历和预期歧视——可能会削弱人们从事健康行为的能力。参与者（N=2022）于 2019 年 12 月至 2020 年 1 月通过全国性的 Qualtrics 小组招募，该小组在年龄、性别、收入、种族/族裔和人口普查区域方面与美国人口进行了人口普查匹配。参与者完成了阶级污名、饮酒、饮食失调、舒适饮食、睡眠障碍、体育活动和人口统计的测量。在控制客观 SES 和人口统计数据后，广义线性回归模型表明，阶级污名与饮酒量显著增加、饮食失调、舒适饮食增加和睡眠障碍有关，但与体育活动减少无关。在充分调整体重/种族歧视和心理因素后，阶级污名与健康行为无关。这项调查的结果表明，除了一个人的客观 SES 之外，与社会阶层较低相关的污名也可能导致较差的健康行为。
